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Related Concept Videos

Spindle Assembly02:50

Spindle Assembly

Spindle assembly occurs through three, often coexisting, pathways – the centrosome-mediated pathway, the chromatin-mediated pathway, and the microtubule-mediated pathway – collectively contributing to form a robust spindle apparatus.
In most cells, centrosomes are the primary microtubule nucleation centers. In the centrosome-mediated pathway, the G2-prophase transition triggers centrosome maturation and increased microtubule nucleation. Progressive nucleation results in a microtubule array...
The Mitotic Spindle02:27

The Mitotic Spindle

The mitotic spindle—or spindle apparatus—is a eukaryotic, cytoskeletal structure made up of long protein fibers called microtubules. Formed during cell division, the spindle separates sister chromatids and moves them to opposite ends of a parental cell, where the now individual chromosomes are distributed to two daughter cell nuclei.
The bipolar configuration of the mitotic spindle facilitates chromosomal segregation, preparing the cell for division. One mechanism that ensures bipolar mitotic...
The Mitotic Spindle02:27

The Mitotic Spindle

The mitotic spindle—or spindle apparatus—is a eukaryotic, cytoskeletal structure made up of long protein fibers called microtubules. Formed during cell division, the spindle separates sister chromatids and moves them to opposite ends of a parental cell, where the now individual chromosomes are distributed to two daughter cell nuclei.
The bipolar configuration of the mitotic spindle facilitates chromosomal segregation, preparing the cell for division. One mechanism that ensures bipolar mitotic...
Anaphase A and B01:39

Anaphase A and B

Microtubules form through the end-to-end polymerization of tubulin heterodimers. Kinetochore microtubules originate from the spindle poles, and their plus-ends connect with the kinetochores on sister-chromatids. Ndc80 protein complexes, present on the kinetochore, form low-affinity links with the plus end of these kinetochore microtubules.
Plus-end depolymerization releases tubulin heterodimers from the terminal region of the microtubule. As tubulin subunits are lost, the Ndc80 complexes detach...
Anaphase A and B01:39

Anaphase A and B

Microtubules form through the end-to-end polymerization of tubulin heterodimers. Kinetochore microtubules originate from the spindle poles, and their plus-ends connect with the kinetochores on sister-chromatids. Ndc80 protein complexes, present on the kinetochore, form low-affinity links with the plus end of these kinetochore microtubules.
Plus-end depolymerization releases tubulin heterodimers from the terminal region of the microtubule. As tubulin subunits are lost, the Ndc80 complexes detach...
The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint02:19

The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint

The spindle assembly checkpoint is a molecular surveillance mechanism ensuring the fidelity of chromosome segregation during anaphase. The checkpoint monitors the completion of all the prerequisite steps before chromosome segregation to determine whether the segregation process should proceed or be delayed.
Many proteins function together to control the spindle assembly checkpoint. Mutations affecting these proteins may allow cells to proceed into anaphase prematurely, resulting in the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Reconstitution of Basic Mitotic Spindles in Spherical Emulsion Droplets
10:52

Reconstitution of Basic Mitotic Spindles in Spherical Emulsion Droplets

Published on: August 13, 2016

Anthrax receptors position the spindle.

Nicolas Minc1, Matthieu Piel

  • 1Institut Curie, UMR 144 CNRS/IC, 26 rue d’Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France. nicolas.minc@curie.fr

Nature Cell Biology
|December 25, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spindle orientation is crucial for tissue development. A new study reveals how an asymmetric anthrax receptor cap activates formin, guiding spindle alignment along the planar cell polarity axis in zebrafish.

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Detection of Toxin Translocation into the Host Cytosol by Surface Plasmon Resonance
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Detection of Toxin Translocation into the Host Cytosol by Surface Plasmon Resonance

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Last Updated: May 15, 2026

Reconstitution of Basic Mitotic Spindles in Spherical Emulsion Droplets
10:52

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Published on: August 13, 2016

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Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Developmental biology
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • Spindle orientation is essential for proper tissue morphogenesis and cell division.
  • The planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway regulates cell polarity and tissue patterning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying spindle orientation in zebrafish dorsal epiblast cells.
  • To identify novel factors involved in aligning the spindle along the PCP axis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized zebrafish as a model organism.
  • Employed live imaging and genetic manipulation techniques.
  • Investigated the role of anthrax receptor and formin in spindle orientation.

Main Results:

  • Identified an asymmetric anthrax receptor cap.
  • Demonstrated that this cap promotes formin activation.
  • Showed that activated formin orients the spindle along the PCP axis.

Conclusions:

  • The asymmetric anthrax receptor cap is a key regulator of spindle orientation.
  • This mechanism ensures proper cell division and tissue development in zebrafish.