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Related Concept Videos

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic cells are...
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem...
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem...
Stem Cell Culture01:17

Stem Cell Culture

Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
Source And Potency Of Stem Cells01:27

Source And Potency Of Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with extensive self-renewal properties that help them maintain their population during the fetal and adult stages of life. They can specialize in all cell types of the human body. However, their differential potential may vary and can be classified into five types. Stem cells can be (1) Totipotent, (2) Pluripotent, (3) Multipotent, (4) Oligopotent, and (5) Unipotent. Each stem cell has a specific origin; the fertilized egg or zygote is a totipotent cell and...
Maintenance of the ES Cell State01:14

Maintenance of the ES Cell State

The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Chemical Reversion of Conventional Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to a Na&#239;ve-like State with Improved Multilineage Differentiation Potency
09:07

Chemical Reversion of Conventional Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to a Naïve-like State with Improved Multilineage Differentiation Potency

Published on: June 10, 2018

Normal and pathological development of pluripotent stem cells.

Olga F Gordeeva1

  • 1Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.

Journal of Stem Cells
|December 26, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Pluripotent stem cells can become any cell type, but long-term culture can lead to mutations and cancer. Understanding these stem cells is key to targeting cancer-initiating cells.

Area of Science:

  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Cancer Biology

Background:

  • Pluripotent stem cells, originating from early embryos, differentiate into all somatic and germ cells.
  • Stem cell lines are derived from various sources, including embryonic and adult tissues, and possess self-renewal and differentiation capabilities.
  • Malignant teratocarcinoma stem cells exhibit restricted potential due to genetic disruptions affecting proliferation and differentiation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the fundamental mechanisms regulating pluripotent cell development and their disruption in cancer-initiating cells.
  • To compare gene expression profiles, differentiation potentials, and cell cycles of normal and mutant pluripotent stem cells.
  • To identify molecular targets for eliminating malignant cells in tumors.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 15, 2026

Chemical Reversion of Conventional Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to a Na&#239;ve-like State with Improved Multilineage Differentiation Potency
09:07

Chemical Reversion of Conventional Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to a Naïve-like State with Improved Multilineage Differentiation Potency

Published on: June 10, 2018

  • Derivation of pluripotent stem cell lines from diverse mammalian sources.
  • Long-term in vitro cultivation of stem cell lines.
  • Analysis of gene expression profiles, differentiation potentials, and cell cycle structures.
  • Comparative analysis of normal pluripotent stem cells and teratocarcinoma cells.

Main Results:

  • All pluripotent stem cell lines share key properties: self-renewal, differentiation capacity, similar gene expression, and cell cycle structure.
  • Long-term in vitro culture induces chromosomal and gene mutations, and epigenetic changes, potentially leading to oncogenic transformation.
  • Genetic disturbances in teratocarcinoma stem cells deregulate proliferation and differentiation, limiting developmental potential.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the regulatory mechanisms of pluripotent stem cells is crucial for comprehending cancer initiation.
  • Analysis of normal and mutant stem cells provides insights into molecular targets for cancer therapy.
  • Further research on signaling pathways and gene expression in stem cells can lead to novel strategies against malignant tumors.