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Aortic elastic properties and cognitive function in elderly individuals: the Ikaria Study
Christina Chrysohoou1, Theodora Psaltopoulou2, Demosthenes Panagiotakos3
11st Cardiology Clinic, Hippokration Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Maturitas
|December 26, 2012
Summary
Elderly individuals with better aortic elastic properties, indicated by higher aortic distensibility (AoD), demonstrated superior cognitive function. This suggests arterial aging impacts mental performance, offering a new research hypothesis.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Cardiovascular Physiology
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Investigating the link between vascular health and cognitive decline in aging populations.
- Focusing on the unique population of Ikaria Island, known for longevity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the association between aortic elastic properties and cognitive function in elderly Ikarians.
- To explore potential pathophysiological mechanisms linking arterial aging and cognitive status.
Main Methods:
- Non-invasive calculation of aortic distensibility (AoD) using echocardiography and brachial artery pressure in 535 elderly individuals (75 ± 6 years).
- Cognitive status assessed via the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE).
- Statistical analysis including logistic regression to determine associations.
Main Results:
- Individuals with normal MMSE scores (≥ 24) exhibited significantly higher AoD (p < 0.001).
- Higher AoD correlated with better physical activity, education, and creatinine clearance, and lower pulse pressure.
- Each unit increase in AoD was associated with a 25% higher likelihood of normal cognitive function (OR=1.25).
- Elevated pulse pressure (>70 mmHg) increased the likelihood of cognitive impairment (OR=0.45).
Conclusions:
- Arterial aging, reflected in reduced aortic distensibility, appears to negatively impact cognitive function in the elderly.
- Findings propose a novel hypothesis regarding the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying cognitive aging and vascular health.
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