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Antibiotic prophylaxis for bilateral sagittal split osteotomies: a randomized, double-blind clinical study
P U A Wahab1, V Narayanan, S Nathan
1Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, 162, Poonamalle High Road, Velappanchavadi, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India. docwahab@hotmail.com
International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
|December 26, 2012
Summary
A short course of amoxicillin (3 doses) significantly reduced infections after bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) compared to a single preoperative dose. This antibiotic regimen is more effective for preventing BSSO surgical site infections.
Area of Science:
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Infectious Disease Prevention
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) is a surgical procedure associated with a risk of postoperative infection.
- Antibiotic prophylaxis is commonly used to mitigate this risk, but optimal dosing regimens require further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the efficacy of a single preoperative dose versus a short postoperative course (3 doses) of amoxicillin for preventing infection after BSSO.
Main Methods:
- A randomized controlled trial involving 60 patients undergoing BSSO.
- Group I received a single preoperative dose of amoxicillin; Group II received the same preoperative dose plus two postoperative doses.
- Patients were monitored for postoperative infections over a 2-month period.
Main Results:
- The short course group experienced significantly fewer infections (1 patient) requiring rescue antibiotics compared to the single dose group (6 patients) (P=0.04).
- A statistically significant difference in infection rates was observed between the two treatment groups (P=0.04).
Conclusions:
- A short postoperative course of amoxicillin is more effective than a single preoperative dose for preventing infections following bilateral sagittal split osteotomy.
- Optimized antibiotic prophylaxis regimens can improve patient outcomes and reduce the need for additional treatments.
