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This study used 3D MRI to show how buttocks tissues, including fat and muscle, deform when sitting. Muscle thickness decreased significantly under load, with muscles shifting and changing shape.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Understanding the 3D deformation of buttocks tissues during sitting is crucial for various applications.
  • Previous research has not fully detailed tissue displacements and deformations in the buttocks during seated postures.

Observation:

  • FONAR Upright MRI captured the buttocks anatomy of a female subject in seated positions on different cushions (unloaded and loaded).
  • T1-weighted Fast Spin Echo scans were analyzed, with bone and muscle segmented for 3D rendering.

Findings:

  • Loaded sitting significantly decreased gluteal and hamstring muscle thickness beneath the ischial tuberosity.
  • Muscle displacement and distortion were observed, with anterior hamstring and posterior-lateral gluteal shifts.
  • Muscle overlap beneath the pelvis, present in unloaded conditions, was eliminated under load, altering muscle shape.

Implications:

  • The observed complex tissue deformations may explain inconsistencies in existing finite element models of the buttocks.
  • 3D imaging offers a novel method for studying the in-situ response of buttocks tissues to sitting.
  • Findings contribute to a better understanding of seating pressure and tissue behavior.