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Related Concept Videos

Drug Discovery: Overview01:26

Drug Discovery: Overview

Drug discovery is a multifaceted process involving extensive screening, testing, and optimization of lead compounds to identify potential new drugs for therapeutic use. It combines several approaches, including screening large numbers of natural products, chemical modification of known active molecules, identification of new drug targets, and rational design based on biological mechanisms and drug-receptor structure. These approaches are carried out in both academic research laboratories and...
Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets01:29

Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets

Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...
Targets for Drug Action: Overview01:26

Targets for Drug Action: Overview

Drugs target macromolecules to modify ongoing cellular processes. Primary drug targets include receptors, ion channels, transporters, and enzymes.
Receptors are either membrane-spanning or intracellular proteins, which upon binding a ligand, get activated and transmit the signal downstream to elicit a response. Drugs bind receptors, either mimicking the action of endogenous ligands or blocking the receptor activity to bring about a modified response. Nearly 35% of approved drugs target the G...
Genetic Screens02:46

Genetic Screens

Genetic screens are tools used to identify genes and mutations responsible for phenotypes of interest. Genetic screens help identify individuals or a group of people at risk of developing  genetic diseases and help them with early intervention, targeted therapy, and reproductive options.
Forward genetic screens
Forward or “classical” genetic screens involve creating random mutations in an organism’s DNA using radiation, mutagens, or insertion of additional bases, which result in visible changes...
Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism01:27

Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism

Synergism is a useful mechanism where combining two or more drugs is more effective than each constituent used alone. Such combinations are also called supra-additive interactions. The drugs collectively enhance the final therapeutic effect by acting on different targets. Another advantage is that the low dose of each constituent drug is sufficient to achieve the desired effect. This helps reduce the duration of therapy and lower the adverse effects of these drugs.
Such synergistic combinations...
Structure-Activity Relationships and Drug Design01:28

Structure-Activity Relationships and Drug Design

Drug design is a dynamic field that involves discovering and developing new medications based on specific biological targets. This process heavily relies on structure-activity relationships (SAR) and quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) to guide the design and optimization of efficient drugs.
SAR studies the intricate relationship between a drug's chemical structure and biological activity. It focuses on understanding how modifications to a drug's structure can influence its...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Protein Target Prediction and Validation of Small Molecule Compound
10:21

Protein Target Prediction and Validation of Small Molecule Compound

Published on: February 23, 2024

Causal co-expression method with module analysis to screen drugs with specific target.

Shuhao Yu1, Lulu Zheng, Yixue Li

  • 1College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China. qiwanglingjuli@yahoo.com.cn

Gene
|December 26, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new network biology approach identifies potential anti-cancer drugs by analyzing gene expression. This causal co-expression method with module analysis screens drugs for specific targets and fewer side effects, aiding drug discovery.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 15, 2026

Protein Target Prediction and Validation of Small Molecule Compound
10:21

Protein Target Prediction and Validation of Small Molecule Compound

Published on: February 23, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Network biology
  • Pharmacogenomics
  • Computational biology

Background:

  • Pharmaceutical R&D investment has not yielded a proportional increase in new drug approvals.
  • Current drug discovery often overlooks the complex network interactions between drugs and their targets.
  • Network biology offers a crucial framework for understanding drug actions and predicting efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel computational approach for screening drug candidates.
  • To identify drugs with specific therapeutic targets and reduced side effect profiles.
  • To evaluate drug candidates using network-based analysis of gene expression data.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a causal co-expression method with module analysis.
  • Calculated differential wiring (DW) to identify causal transcription factors (TFs) from differential expression genes.
  • Applied co-expression module analysis to explore molecular pathways around identified TFs.

Main Results:

  • Applied the method to anti-cancer drugs Argyrin A and Bortezomib.
  • Identified differentially expressed TFs, many associated with the tumor suppressor p27kip1.
  • Bortezomib affected metabolic processes leading to toxicity, while Argyrin A targeted cell cycle and DNA repair, suggesting better anti-cancer suitability.

Conclusions:

  • The causal co-expression method with module analysis is an effective tool for drug candidate evaluation.
  • Network biology approaches can improve the efficiency and specificity of drug discovery.
  • Argyrin A shows potential as a more suitable anti-cancer therapeutic compared to Bortezomib based on pathway analysis.