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Related Concept Videos

Translation01:31

Translation

Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Translation01:31

Translation

Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Gene Therapy00:59

Gene Therapy

Gene therapy is a technique where a gene is inserted into a person’s cells to prevent or treat a serious disease. The added gene may be a healthy version of the gene that is mutated in the patient, or it could be a different gene that inactivates or compensates for the patient’s disease-causing gene. For example, in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to a mutation in the gene for the enzyme adenosine deaminase, a functioning version of the gene can be inserted. The...
Gene Therapy00:59

Gene Therapy

Gene therapy is a technique where a gene is inserted into a person’s cells to prevent or treat a serious disease. The added gene may be a healthy version of the gene that is mutated in the patient, or it could be a different gene that inactivates or compensates for the patient’s disease-causing gene. For example, in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to a mutation in the gene for the enzyme adenosine deaminase, a functioning version of the gene can be inserted. The...
The Central Dogma01:20

The Central Dogma

The central dogma explains the flow of genetic information from DNA nucleotides to the amino acid sequence of proteins.
RNA is the Missing Link Between DNA and Proteins
In the early 1900s, scientists discovered that DNA stores all the information needed for cellular functions and that proteins perform most of these functions. However, the mechanisms of converting genetic information into functional proteins remained unknown for many years. Initially, it was believed that a single gene is...
The Central Dogma01:25

The Central Dogma

Overview

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Cell Based Assays of SINEUP Non-coding RNAs That Can Specifically Enhance mRNA Translation
10:21

Cell Based Assays of SINEUP Non-coding RNAs That Can Specifically Enhance mRNA Translation

Published on: February 1, 2019

Translating genes into health.

Larry J Kricka1, Chiara Di Resta

  • 1Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine at University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. kricka@mail.med.upenn.edu

Nature Genetics
|December 27, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Genomic medicine faces challenges in applying vast genetic data to diverse populations. Overcoming these hurdles is key to realizing the clinical benefits of genome science.

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Genomic Medicine
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Genomic science has cataloged numerous mutations and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).
  • Rapid advancements in next-generation sequencing (NGS) are generating a large volume of complete human genomes.
  • Translating genomic data into clinical applications presents significant challenges.

Framework:

  • The Golden Helix Symposium convened experts to discuss genomic medicine.
  • The symposium focused on the challenges and opportunities in applying genomic knowledge.
  • Discussions aimed to bridge the gap between genomic data and clinical utility.

Implementation:

  • Leveraging comprehensive mutation catalogs and SNP data is crucial.
  • Developing strategies to effectively analyze and interpret massive NGS datasets is essential.

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Cell Based Assays of SINEUP Non-coding RNAs That Can Specifically Enhance mRNA Translation
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Polysome Fractionation and Analysis of Mammalian Translatomes on a Genome-wide Scale
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Published on: May 17, 2014

Xenopus laevis as a Model to Identify Translation Impairment
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Published on: September 27, 2015

  • Facilitating the understanding and application of genomic information for healthcare providers.

    • Implications:

    • Advancing genomic medicine requires addressing the complexities of human genetic diversity.
    • Improved understanding and application of genomic data promise enhanced clinical benefits.
    • Future efforts should focus on integrating genomic insights into routine medical practice.