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Updated: May 15, 2026

A Mouse Model for Pathogen-induced Chronic Inflammation at Local and Systemic Sites
Published on: August 8, 2014
[Immunopathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases of the pharynx]
Abstract:
The objective of the present study was to develop indications for immunological rehabilitation of the patients presenting with chronic laryngitis. Immunogenetic characteristics (including both local and systemic immunity) were elucidated in 54 practically healthy subjects and 110 patients with catarrhal, hyperplastic, and atrophic forms of chronic laryngitis. PCR-diagnostics was performed for the presence of herpes-viruses in conjunction with bacteriological studies. It was shown that the efficacy of the effector protective factors of the immune system (including its phagocytic and T-cell components) was insufficient to suppress the persistent Epstein-Barr virus infection combined with staphylococcal and streptococcal infections. The protection of laryngeal mucosa depended on the involvement of proinflammatory antibodies (IgE and IgG) in the inflammatory process and the severity of defects in the elimination mechanisms (affecting the phagocytic component and secretory antibodies). The compromised protective function created conditions for the long-term persistence of pathogens.
Related Concept Videos
Chronic Pharyngitis
Etiology
It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
Additional contributing factors include inadequate dental hygiene, mouth breathing, recurring tonsillitis, allergic rhinitis, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and exposure to smoke, chemicals, and other environmental pollutants. Allergic reactions to pollen, mold, and pet dander, chronic cough, excessive voice usage,...
Chronic Inflammation: Introduction
Acute Pharyngitis
Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently encountered condition that prompts individuals to seek medical advice.
Classification
Acute pharyngitis can be categorized based on its underlying cause:
Gastritis II: Pathophysiology
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology
Chronic Inflammation
Anatomy of Respiratory System I: Upper Respiratory Tract
Nose and nasal cavity
The nose and nasal cavity represent the main external openings of the respiratory tract.

