Simulation of tumor targeting enhancement by amplifying of targeted nano-biosensors radiation intensity

The main goal of this paper is to enhance the produced intensity radiation of nanoparticles that are functionalized to act as nano-biosensors in the biological applications, such as small tumor targeting and imaging. For example, in the optical imaging of the breast cancer, the numbers of photons that reach to the detector are very small because of the depth of the target and the loss of incident light due to absorption and scattering of the live cells and so on. Hence, the detection of small tumors is very difficult. In this paper, for the first time, the intensity radiation, which is produced by functionalized agents, is amplified so that the number of photons reaching to the detector will astonishingly increase. As an important result of this study, it is shown that by signaling among agents, maximum numbers of agents reach toward tumor site, and therefore, their produced intensities surprisingly increase (>tenfold). The signaling among agents is performed by using the particle swarm optimization algorithm. It is well known that by the use of mentioned approach, the small tumors will be detectable. It is notable that the nontoxic silicon or gold nanoparticles have been used as core of the nano-biosensors and their functionalization have been done by related antibodies and suitable proteins.