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The progression of bone mineral density loss in dialysis patients compared with the general population

Petar Avramovski1, Aleksandar Sikole

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine and Hemodialysis, Clinical Hospital, Bitola, Republic of Macedonia. avramovski@gmail.com

The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine
|December 28, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Chronic hemodialysis patients experience significantly greater bone mass loss than the general population. This accelerated bone loss, particularly at the hip, is evident even within one month in some patients.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Bone Metabolism
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Chronic hemodialysis patients (CHPs) are at risk for accelerated bone loss.
  • General population patients (GPPs) serve as a control for age-related bone density changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the rate of bone mass loss over 18 months between CHPs and GPPs.
  • To identify differences in bone mineral density (BMD) progression between the two groups.

Main Methods:

  • Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to measure BMD at the hip and lumbar spine in 80 CHPs and 60 GPPs.
  • Biochemical markers including albumin, C-reactive protein, calcium, and parathyroid hormone were analyzed.
  • Measurements were taken at baseline and after an 18-month follow-up period.

Main Results:

  • CHPs showed a statistically significant progression of hip bone loss (p=0.0002) compared to GPPs (p=0.0577).
  • Lumbar spine bone loss progression was not statistically significant in either group (CHP: p=0.5389; GPP: p=0.6820).
  • Mean hip BMD decreased from 0.823 ± 0.16 g/cm(2) to 0.769 ± 0.13 g/cm(2) in CHPs over 18 months.

Conclusions:

  • Bone mass loss progresses significantly faster in CHPs compared to GPPs.
  • Accelerated osteoporosis and bone loss can be observed in CHPs within a short timeframe (1 month).
  • These findings highlight the critical impact of chronic hemodialysis on skeletal health.
Abstract

Keywords:
Bone densityFemoral neckLumbar vertebraeOsteoporosisRenal dialysis

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