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Related Concept Videos

Bioplastics01:27

Bioplastics

Bioplastics derived from microbial processes present a sustainable alternative to conventional petroleum-based plastics. Among these, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), particularly polyhydroxybutyrates (PHBs), have emerged as prominent candidates due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. These polymers are synthesized by a variety of bacteria, such as Cupriavidus necator and Pseudomonas putida, which naturally accumulate PHAs as intracellular carbon and energy reserves, especially under...
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Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a synthetic polymer widely utilized in the packaging industry, particularly for bottles and containers. Due to its chemical stability and durability, PET accumulates in the environment, contributing significantly to plastic pollution. It comprises repeating units of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, resulting in a semi-crystalline structure that is resistant to natural degradation processes.A notable breakthrough in plastic biodegradation came with the...
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Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction in which the addition of water breaks down a polymer into its simpler monomer units. For example, peptides break into amino acids, carbohydrates into simple sugars, and DNA into nucleotides. Enzymes often facilitate these processes.
Hydrolysis Reverses Dehydration Synthesis
Complex carbohydrates can be broken down by breaking the bonds between individual sugar units. The reaction breaks a glycosidic bond as water is added to the compound. The...

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Designed for Molecular Recycling: A Lignin-Derived Semi-aromatic Biobased Polymer
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Published on: November 30, 2020

Recyclable thermoresponsive polymer-cellulase bioconjugates for biomass depolymerization.

Katherine J Mackenzie1, Matthew B Francis

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|December 29, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a reusable polymer-endoglucanase bioconjugate with tunable thermoresponsive properties. This enzyme conjugate maintains high activity on cellulose, enabling efficient biomass conversion and enzyme recovery for sustainable industrial applications.

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Immobilization of Multi-biocatalysts in Alginate Beads for Cofactor Regeneration and Improved Reusability

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Area of Science:

  • Bioconjugation Chemistry
  • Polymer Science
  • Enzyme Engineering

Background:

  • Developing recoverable and reusable enzyme systems is crucial for cost-effective industrial biocatalysis.
  • Thermoresponsive polymers offer potential for enzyme immobilization and separation based on temperature changes.
  • Endoglucanases are key enzymes for breaking down cellulose into fermentable sugars.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To construct and characterize a thermoresponsive polymer-endoglucanase bioconjugate with tunable properties.
  • To evaluate the activity, stability, and reusability of the bioconjugate on insoluble cellulose and lignocellulosic biomass.
  • To demonstrate a versatile strategy for creating enzyme-polymer conjugates for biomass conversion.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of aminooxy-bearing copolymers with tunable lower critical solution temperatures (LCSTs).
  • Site-selective modification of endoglucanase (EGPh) via transamination and oxime ligation.
  • Construction of polymer-endoglucanase bioconjugates and characterization of their enzymatic activity and recovery.

Main Results:

  • Bioconjugates exhibited enzyme activity comparable to unmodified endoglucanase on insoluble cellulose.
  • The NIPAm copolymer-EGPh conjugate maintained over 60% activity after two reuse cycles.
  • Bioconjugate treatment of Miscanthus increased reducing sugar yield by 2.8-fold over three rounds.

Conclusions:

  • A recoverable, thermoresponsive polymer-endoglucanase bioconjugate was successfully developed.
  • The tunable LCST and versatile conjugation strategy enable broad applicability for enzyme immobilization and biomass processing.
  • This approach facilitates efficient and sustainable enzymatic conversion of cellulosic materials.