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Skeletal muscle relaxant ingestion.

T I Lebby1, K Dugger, J W Lipscomb

  • 1College of Medicine, University of Illinois Hospital.

Veterinary and Human Toxicology
|April 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Acute skeletal muscle relaxant ingestions rarely cause death, but co-ingestion with other substances increases the risk of severe outcomes. Morbidity and mortality are low in pure ingestions.

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Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Pharmacology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Skeletal muscle relaxants are commonly prescribed medications.
  • Acute exposures can occur intentionally or accidentally.
  • Poison Control Centers receive numerous inquiries regarding these exposures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the outcomes of acute skeletal muscle relaxant exposures.
  • To identify risk factors for severe outcomes.
  • To evaluate the role of co-ingestants in toxicity.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 56 cases reported to a Poison Control Center over one year.
  • Data collected included patient demographics, reason for exposure, co-ingestants, and clinical outcomes.
  • Categorization of outcomes into no symptoms, minor effects, or major effects with life-threatening symptoms.

Main Results:

  • No deaths were reported in pure skeletal muscle relaxant ingestions.
  • Co-ingestion with an average of 2.7 substances increased the risk of major effects (16.7% of co-ingestion cases).
  • Cyclobenzaprine was the most frequent single agent involved in exposures.

Conclusions:

  • Pure skeletal muscle relaxant ingestions are associated with low morbidity and mortality.
  • Multiple ingestions significantly increase the risk of severe adverse events.
  • Prompt Poison Control Center consultation is crucial for managing these exposures.

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