Role of active surveillance in the management of localized prostate cancer

Active surveillance is an increasingly recognized treatment option for men with low-risk prostate cancer. Despite encouraging evidence for oncologic efficacy and reduction in morbidity, several barriers contribute to the underuse of this management strategy. Consistent selection criteria as well as identification and validation of triggers for subsequent intervention are essential. Incorporation of novel biomarkers as well as advanced imaging techniques may improve surveillance strategies by better defining eligibility as well as improving prompt detection of disease progression.