Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 15, 2026
07:59
Bedside Ultrasound for Guiding Fluid Removal in Patients with Pulmonary Edema: The Reverse-FALLS Protocol
Published on: July 28, 2018
Divalent cations levels change in nephrotic syndrome.
1University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa-Iaşi, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Grigore T. Popa-Iaşi School of Medicine.
Summary
Acute urinary infections in children alter divalent cation levels, with lower serum calcium (Ca), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn). Routine measurement of these trace elements is recommended for pediatric renal disorders.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Clinical Chemistry
Background:
- Divalent cations (calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper, manganese) are vital for numerous biological functions.
- Renal disorders can disrupt the balance of these essential cations in the body.
- Understanding these disruptions is crucial for managing pediatric renal conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate alterations in divalent cation levels (copper, zinc, magnesium, calcium) in pediatric patients with acute renal diseases.
- To investigate the relationship between acute urinary tract infections and cation imbalances.
- To assess oxidative stress markers in conjunction with cation changes.
Main Methods:
- Measured plasma concentrations and urinary excretion of copper, zinc, magnesium, and calcium in pediatric patients.
- Assessed plasma levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC).
- Compared findings with a control group of healthy children.
Main Results:
- Serum levels of calcium, copper, and zinc were significantly decreased in patients with acute urinary infections compared to controls.
- Urinary excretion of copper and zinc was higher in the infected group.
- Increased MDA and decreased TAC indicated elevated oxidative stress, linked to lower copper and zinc concentrations.
Conclusions:
- Acute urinary tract conditions, including lower urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis, disrupt plasma and urinary divalent cation concentrations in children.
- Preliminary data suggest that trace element levels should be routinely monitored in pediatric patients with renal disorders.
- These findings highlight the potential role of divalent cations as biomarkers in pediatric renal disease.
More Related Videos
08:505/6th Nephrectomy in Combination with High Salt Diet and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition to Induce Chronic Kidney Disease in the Lewis Rat
Published on: July 3, 2013
07:38Induction of Nephrotic Syndrome in Mice by Retrobulbar Injection of Doxorubicin and Prevention of Volume Retention by Sustained Release Aprotinin
Published on: May 6, 2018
Related Concept Videos
01:26Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management
IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document any history...
01:24Nephrotic Syndrome III : Nursing Management
Nursing management for nephrotic syndrome adapts as the disease progresses, with strategies evolving to address advancing symptoms and complications.Early-Stage Management In the early stages, nursing interventions for nephrotic syndrome resemble those used in managing acute glomerulonephritis, focusing on symptom monitoring, fluid balance, and managing mild to moderate edema.Vital Signs: Regularly monitor blood pressure, pulse, respiratory rate, and temperature to promptly identify...
01:24Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction
Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of fluid...
01:22Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) results in an inability to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. Effective nursing management is critical in improving patient outcomes and includes comprehensive patient assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed history collection is essential, focusing on any recent infections, nephrotoxic medication use, or chronic conditions such as hypertension and diabetes that may contribute to AKI. During the physical...
01:18Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management
Nursing management is essential for preventing complications, maintaining stability, and improving patients' quality of life in chronic kidney disease (CKD). By using a structured approach, nurses help slow CKD progression and support effective patient care.1. Comprehensive patient assessmentEffective management begins with nurses reviewing the patient’s medical history, and identifying key risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, and nephrotoxic drug use. Nurses assess signs of fluid...
01:24Serum Studies: Renal Function Tests
Renal function tests are crucial for assessing kidney health, monitoring disease progression, and evaluating the kidneys' efficiency in waste elimination, fluid balance, and electrolyte regulation. These tests offer critical insights into kidney function, even though routine measurements may appear normal until there is a significant decline in the glomerular filtration rate or GFR. Typically, signs of kidney impairment only become evident when the GFR falls to about 50% of its normal level.