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Related Concept Videos

The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
Hearing01:31

Hearing

When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location

The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by identifying...

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Related Experiment Video

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Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages
06:04

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages

Published on: March 24, 2023

Listening effort with cochlear implant simulations.

Carina Pals1, Anastasios Sarampalis, Deniz Baskent

  • 1University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands. c.pals@umcg.nl

Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research : JSLHR
|January 1, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Optimizing cochlear implant (CI) fitting for speech perception doesn't always reduce listening effort. Objective measures, like response times, better reflect reduced listening effort with increased spectral channels than subjective reports.

Keywords:
cochlear implantscomputer simulationdual taskhearinglistening effortreaction timespeech perception

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Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages
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Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Speech-Language Pathology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Cochlear implant (CI) fitting prioritizes speech perception.
  • Listening effort may not be optimized concurrently with speech perception.
  • Objective and subjective measures of listening effort can differ.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if listening effort changes with CI processing conditions.
  • To determine if speech intelligibility remains constant across conditions.
  • To compare objective and subjective measures of listening effort.

Main Methods:

  • Nineteen normal-hearing participants completed CI simulations.
  • A dual-task paradigm measured intelligibility and listening effort.
  • Response time (RT) on a visual task served as an objective measure of listening effort.

Main Results:

  • Speech intelligibility and listening effort improved with spectral resolution up to 6 channels.
  • Objective listening effort (RT) continued to improve up to 8 channels.
  • Objective measures showed stronger effects than subjective self-reports.

Conclusions:

  • Increased spectral resolution in CI processing reduces listening effort.
  • Objective measures, like RT, are more sensitive to changes in listening effort.
  • CI fitting should consider objective listening effort alongside speech perception.