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Extensive Gingival Enlargement in Siblings: A case report.

Kumar Pushpanshu1, Rachna Kaushik, R S Sathawane

  • 1Departments of Oral Medicine and Radiology.

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Summary

Hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) causes benign gingival enlargement. This case study details non-syndromic HGF in two brothers, focusing on diagnosis, treatment, and inheritance patterns.

Keywords:
Autosomal dominantCase reportGingival fibromatosisHereditaryIndiaSiblings

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Oral Medicine
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Gingival fibromatosis involves fibrotic gingival overgrowth from various causes.
  • Hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) is a rare genetic disorder causing benign, progressive enlargement of keratinized gingiva.
  • HGF can be autosomal dominant or recessive, appearing isolated (non-syndromic) or as part of a syndrome (syndromic).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of severe, non-syndromic, generalized hereditary gingival fibromatosis in two brothers.
  • To emphasize the diagnosis, treatment, and control of this condition.
  • To highlight the inheritance pattern and histopathologic features of HGF.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of two affected brothers.
  • Clinical examination and documentation of gingival enlargement.
  • Review of inheritance patterns and histopathologic findings.

Main Results:

  • The brothers presented with severe, generalized HGF affecting both maxillary and mandibular arches.
  • Non-syndromic, autosomal dominant inheritance was observed.
  • Histopathologic examination confirmed fibrotic gingival tissue.

Conclusions:

  • Non-syndromic generalized hereditary gingival fibromatosis requires careful diagnosis and management.
  • Understanding the genetic basis and histopathology is crucial for effective treatment and control.
  • This case underscores the importance of family history in diagnosing rare genetic conditions like HGF.