Extensive Gingival Enlargement in Siblings: A case report.

Area of Science:

• Genetics
• Oral Medicine
• Dermatology

Background:

• Gingival fibromatosis involves fibrotic gingival overgrowth from various causes.
• Hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) is a rare genetic disorder causing benign, progressive enlargement of keratinized gingiva.
• HGF can be autosomal dominant or recessive, appearing isolated (non-syndromic) or as part of a syndrome (syndromic).

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a case of severe, non-syndromic, generalized hereditary gingival fibromatosis in two brothers.
• To emphasize the diagnosis, treatment, and control of this condition.
• To highlight the inheritance pattern and histopathologic features of HGF.

Main Methods:

• Case report of two affected brothers.
• Clinical examination and documentation of gingival enlargement.
• Review of inheritance patterns and histopathologic findings.

Main Results:

• The brothers presented with severe, generalized HGF affecting both maxillary and mandibular arches.
• Non-syndromic, autosomal dominant inheritance was observed.
• Histopathologic examination confirmed fibrotic gingival tissue.

Conclusions:

• Non-syndromic generalized hereditary gingival fibromatosis requires careful diagnosis and management.
• Understanding the genetic basis and histopathology is crucial for effective treatment and control.
• This case underscores the importance of family history in diagnosing rare genetic conditions like HGF.