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Making assessments while taking repeated risks: a pattern of multiple response pathways.

Timothy J Pleskac1, Avishai Wershbale1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Michigan State University.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. General
|January 2, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Repeated risky decisions involve learning and attention, with two pathways emerging: a slow, deliberative assessment pathway and a fast, automatic learned response. This dual-pathway model better explains decision-making, especially in adolescents with conduct or substance use disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Decision-making research

Background:

  • Repeated risky decisions involve complex cognitive processes beyond simple choice.
  • Understanding how response pathways develop over time is crucial for decision-making models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the development of multiple response pathways during repeated risky decisions.
  • To examine the characteristics of these pathways and their emergence over time.
  • To modify existing cognitive models to incorporate dual response pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) as a case study.
  • Analyzed response patterns to identify distinct pathways.
  • Modified a formal cognitive model to integrate dual response pathways.
  • Examined decision-making in adolescents with conduct and substance use disorder symptoms.

Main Results:

  • Two distinct response pathways emerged: a slow, deliberative assessment pathway and a fast, automatic learned pathway.
  • The assessment pathway is engaged with increasing choice conflict.
  • Adolescents with conduct and substance use disorders exhibit altered risk evaluation and automatic response development rates.
  • The modified cognitive model successfully accounts for dual response pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive models of decision making should account for multiple, dynamic response pathways.
  • The development of automatic responses is a learned process influenced by factors like choice conflict.
  • Findings have implications for understanding decision-making deficits in clinical populations.