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Melatonin and clock genes expression in the cardiovascular system.

Michal Zeman1, Iveta Herichova

  • 1Department of Animal Physiology and Ethology, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic. mzeman@fns.uniba.sk

Frontiers in Bioscience (Scholar Edition)
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Summary

Melatonin synchronizes circadian rhythms in the cardiovascular system by influencing clock gene expression in the heart. This hormone acts as a crucial signal, especially when circadian control is compromised.

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06:53

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Published on: November 11, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Chronobiology
  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Circadian rhythms are generated by clock genes with central control by the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN).
  • Peripheral oscillators exist in tissues like the heart, influencing cardiovascular function.
  • Melatonin, an endocrine signal, mediates light cues and synchronizes SCN neuronal activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of melatonin in synchronizing circadian oscillations within the cardiovascular system.
  • To determine if melatonin affects peripheral clock gene expression in the heart independently of the SCN.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of melatonin's effects on clock gene expression in rat heart tissue.
  • Assessment of melatonin's influence on neuronal firing in the SCN.
  • Investigating melatonin's impact on specific clock genes (e.g., per2, bmal1, cry1, tim1, neurod1, npas4).

Main Results:

  • Melatonin phase advanced the expression of per2 and bmal1 in the rat heart.
  • These cardiac effects occurred independently of melatonin's actions on the SCN.
  • Melatonin demonstrated sensitivity in clock gene expression within the pars tuberalis.

Conclusions:

  • Melatonin is a significant endogenous signal for synchronizing cardiovascular circadian rhythms.
  • Melatonin may be particularly beneficial when circadian regulation is diminished or during rapid environmental shifts.