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Pattern of acute myocardial infarction in a district hospital in Brunei Darussalam--a pilot study
V J Sebastian1, F Khan, H A Aisah
1Division of Cardiology, Suri Seri Begawan Hospital, Kuala Belait, Brunei Darussalam.
Insights
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is prevalent in Brunei, affecting males three times more than females. Key risk factors include hypertension, smoking, and diabetes mellitus.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) represents a significant cardiovascular event.
- Understanding the epidemiology of AMI in specific populations is crucial for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the presentation patterns, risk factors, and natural course of AMI.
- To analyze AMI incidence in the Belait District, Brunei Darussalam.
Main Methods:
- Prospective study of 100 consecutive AMI cases admitted to a District General Hospital.
- Follow-up of patients for 12 weeks post-admission.
Main Results:
- AMI occurred three times more frequently in males (75) than females (25).
- Mean age at presentation was 57.4 years for males and 67.48 years for females.
- Significant associations found with hypertension (31%), smoking (30%), and diabetes mellitus (27%).
- Chest pain (63%) and shortness of breath (27%) were the most common presenting symptoms; silent infarction was rare (4%).
Conclusions:
- AMI is common in Brunei, constituting 2.6% of medical admissions.
- Males are at a significantly higher risk compared to females.
- Hypertension, smoking, and diabetes mellitus are strongly associated with ischemic heart disease (IHD) in this population.
Abstract:
The objective of the authors was to study the pattern of presentation, risk factors, and natural course of acute myocardial infarction in the general population of Belait District in Brunei Darussalam. A prospective study was done of 100 consecutive cases of acute myocardial infarction admitted to the coronary care beds of a District General Hospital. The patients were followed up to 12 weeks after admission to hospital. There were three times more males than females (75 males, 25 females). Nine cases out of 75 males were below the age of 40 years, 3 being below 30 years. The mean age of the male denominator was 57.4 years while that of the female counterpart was 67.48 years showing a mean difference of 10.08 years. There were significant association with hypertension (31%), smoking (30%) and diabetes mellitus (27%). The majority of the patients had prodromal symptoms, the most common presenting symptoms were chest pain (63%) and shortness of breath (27%). Only 4% of the patients had silent infarction. Acute myocardial infarction is common in Brunei forming 2.6% of all the patients admitted to the medical wards and the relative rate is 3 times higher in males than in females. There is significant association of IHD with 3 main risk factors namely hypertension, smoking and diabetes mellitus.