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Related Concept Videos

X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
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Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating
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Active diffraction gratings: development and tests.

S Bonora1, F Frassetto, E Zanchetta

  • 1Institute of Photonics and Nanotechnologies, National Council for Research of Italy, via Trasea, 7, Padova 35131, Italy. Stefano.bonora@dei.unipd.it

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|January 3, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed an active spherical diffraction grating with adjustable curvature for grazing-incidence monochromators. This innovative grating optimizes beam focalization for visible light, enhancing monochromator performance.

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Grazing-incidence monochromators are crucial for various spectroscopic applications.
  • Controlling beam focalization in these instruments is essential for high-resolution measurements.
  • Existing spherical gratings often lack dynamic focusing capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and fabricate an active spherical diffraction grating with a variable radius of curvature.
  • To characterize the performance of this active grating in optimizing beam focalization.
  • To demonstrate its utility in grazing-incidence monochromator systems.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a diffraction grating with a laminar profile using UV lithography.
  • Integration of the grating onto a bimorph deformable mirror.
  • Experimental characterization of the grating's focusing capabilities for visible wavelengths.

Main Results:

  • The active spherical diffraction grating demonstrated tunable focalization capabilities.
  • Variable radius of curvature allowed for precise focus accommodation.
  • Successful optimization of beam focalization was achieved through grating rotation and deformation.

Conclusions:

  • The developed active spherical diffraction grating offers dynamic control over beam focalization.
  • This technology can significantly enhance the performance of grazing-incidence monochromators.
  • The device shows promise for advanced spectroscopic and synchrotron radiation applications.