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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Experience is Instrumental in Tuning a Link Between Language and Cognition: Evidence from 6- to 7- Month-Old Infants' Object Categorization

Experience is Instrumental in Tuning a Link Between Language and Cognition: Evidence from 6- to 7- Month-Old Infants' Object Categorization

Published on: April 19, 2017

Language is not necessary for color categories.

Ozge Ozturk¹, Shakila Shayan, Ulf Liszkowski

¹Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Language Acquisition Department, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. ozge.ozturk@nyu.edu

Developmental Science

|January 3, 2013

Summary

Pre-linguistic infants possess color categories, demonstrating faster reactions to different color hues. This suggests innate color perception exists before language acquisition.

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Last Updated: May 15, 2026

Experience is Instrumental in Tuning a Link Between Language and Cognition: Evidence from 6- to 7- Month-Old Infants' Object Categorization

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Published on: April 19, 2017

Defining the Role Of Language in Infants' Object Categorization with Eye-tracking Paradigms

Defining the Role Of Language in Infants' Object Categorization with Eye-tracking Paradigms

Published on: February 8, 2019

Creating Objects and Object Categories for Studying Perception and Perceptual Learning

Creating Objects and Object Categories for Studying Perception and Perceptual Learning

Published on: November 2, 2012

Area of Science:

Cognitive Science
Developmental Psychology
Linguistics

Background:

The origin of color categories is debated, with theories suggesting linguistic construction versus innate, pre-linguistic bases.
Previous studies on infant color categorization have faced challenges, including potential confounds with color preferences and replication failures.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate categorical color perception in 8-month-old infants.
To provide empirical evidence for or against pre-linguistic color categories.

Main Methods:

Utilized eye-tracking technology to monitor infant visual attention.
Tested infants' responses to color boundaries, specifically green-blue and blue-purple.
Equated chromatic separation sizes between tested color pairs.

Main Results:

Infants showed faster and more accurate fixation on targets from different color categories compared to the same category.
This effect was observed for both the green-blue and blue-purple boundaries.
Results indicate infants perceive color categorically.

Conclusions:

Findings provide independent evidence for color categories in pre-linguistic infants.
Suggests that categorical color perception can develop independently of language acquisition.