Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 15, 2026

Employing the Forced Oscillation Technique for the Assessment of Respiratory Mechanics in Adults
Published on: February 9, 2022
Static lung volumes and airway resistance reference values in healthy adults
Beate Koch1, Nele Friedrich, Henry Völzke
1Department of Internal Medicine B, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany. beate.koch@uni-greifswald.de
Background And Objective:
The assessment of static lung volumes and airway resistance is a frequently performed diagnostic procedure and considered as an important tool in medical surveillance to detect pulmonary diseases. The objectives of the study are to establish reference equations for body plethysmographic parameters in a representative adult population across a wide age range and to compare the normative values from this sample with previous ones.
Methods:
Body plethysmography was applied in 1809 participants (885 males) of a cross-sectional, population-based survey (Study of Health in Pomerania). Individuals with cardiopulmonary disorders and/or a pack-year smoking history >10 years and participants with a body mass index >30 kg/m(2) were excluded. In total, 686 healthy individuals (275 males) aged 25-85 years were assessed.
Results:
Prediction equations for both genders were established by quantile regression analysis taking into account the influence of age, height and weight.
Conclusions:
The study provides a novel set of prediction equations for static lung volumes and airway resistance obtained using body plethysmography. Compared with our findings, existing equations underestimated some normal values. The results emphasize the need for up-to-date reference equations.
Related Concept Videos
Respiratory Volumes
Tidal Volume (TV) Tidal volume (TV) is the air inhaled or exhaled in a...
Lung Capacity
Respiratory Volumes and Capacities
Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation
Alveolar Surface Tension
The alveolar fluid lines the luminal surface of the alveoli and exerts a force called surface tension. This force is caused by the polar water molecules in the liquid being more strongly attracted to each...
Pressure Relationships in Thoracic Cavity
Breathing Mechanisms
Both intra-alveolar and intrapleural pressures rely on specific lung properties. The ability to breathe—allowing air to enter the lungs during...
Respiratory Capacities
One key metric is the Inspiratory Capacity (IC), which represents the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled with full effort. IC is calculated by summing the tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume, typically ranging from 2.4 to 3.6 liters.
The Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) represents the air in the...

