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[Temperamental endophenotypes].

J-M Azorin1, E Fakra, M Adida

  • 1SHU Psychiatrie Adultes - Pavillon Solaris, Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite, 13274 Marseille cedex 09, France. jazorin@ap-hm.fr

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|January 3, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Affective temperaments, the biologically based core of personality, are linked to bipolar disorder. Understanding these temperaments offers insights into illness presentation, course, and treatment, potentially revealing evolutionary advantages.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry and Genetics
  • Behavioral Neuroscience

Context:

  • The relationship between temperament and mental illness, particularly bipolar disorder, has a long history dating back to Greco-Roman medicine.
  • Pioneering work by Kraepelin identified temperamental precursors in bipolar disorder patients and their relatives.
  • Akiskal's modern concept of affective temperament provides a framework for understanding bipolar disorder on a continuum.

Purpose:

  • To explore the role of affective temperaments in the etiology, presentation, course, and treatment of bipolar disorder.
  • To review modern research supporting the link between temperaments and bipolar disorder, including genetic and familial studies.
  • To examine the evolutionary perspectives and potential endophenotypic status of affective temperaments.

Summary:

  • Recent studies highlight the influence of temperaments on bipolar episode onset, clinical features, illness progression, and comorbidities.
  • Familial and genetic research validates historical observations linking specific temperaments to bipolar disorder.
  • Affective temperaments are proposed to confer evolutionary advantages, with affective disorders potentially serving as reservoirs for these adaptive traits.

Impact:

  • Recognizing temperamental components is crucial for effective bipolar disorder treatment strategies.
  • Affective temperaments meet the criteria for an endophenotype, bridging genetics and clinical presentation.
  • This research deepens our understanding of bipolar disorder's biological underpinnings and evolutionary significance.