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Related Concept Videos

Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity01:26

Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity

Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
Introduction to Functional Groups02:08

Introduction to Functional Groups


Functional groups are group of atoms with specific chemical properties that occur within organic molecules and sometimes denoted as “R”. Functional groups are found along the carbon backbone of macromolecules can form chains or rings of carbon atoms. Functional groups can “functionalize” a compound by enabling it to adopt different physical and chemical properties.
Types of common functional groups
The table below summarizes some of the major functional groups in organic chemistry. (The...
Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

Polymer Classification: Architecture

Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:09

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

The radical chain-growth polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination of polymerization. The polymerization initiates when a free radical generated from the radical initiator adds to the unsaturated bond in the monomer. The unpaired electron of the free radical and one π electron in the unsaturated bond creates a σ bond between the free radical and the monomer. As a result, the other π electron in the unsaturated bond converts this species into the...
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:10

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

Chain-growth or addition polymerization is successive addition reactions of monomers with a polymer chain. In radical chain-growth polymerization, the reaction proceeds via a free-radical intermediate. The free radical is formed from radical initiators, which spontaneously generate free radicals by homolytic fission. Organic peroxides (such as dibenzoyl peroxide, as shown in Figure 1) or azo compounds are popular radical initiators. A low concentration ratio of radical initiator to monomer is...
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching01:17

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching

The skeletal structure of polymers synthesized via radical polymerization is always branched. For example, the polymerization of ethylene by radical polymerization results in a low-density grade of polyethylene with a heavily branched skeletal structure. Here, the radical site abstracts hydrogen from the growing chain, and the radical site shifts from the end (a primary carbon center) to anywhere within the growing chain (a secondary carbon center). Consequently, the part of the chain from the...

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Updated: May 15, 2026

Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks
11:27

Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks

Published on: September 5, 2014

Mixed linker strategies for organic framework functionalization.

David N Bunck1, William R Dichtel

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Baker Laboratory, Ithaca, NY 14853-1301, USA.

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|January 3, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers explored new methods for creating advanced framework materials by mixing different building blocks. These strategies allow for tailored material properties for applications like gas storage and catalysis.

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Experimental Approaches for the Synthesis of Low-Valent Metal-Organic Frameworks from Multitopic Phosphine Linkers
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Experimental Approaches for the Synthesis of Low-Valent Metal-Organic Frameworks from Multitopic Phosphine Linkers
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Experimental Approaches for the Synthesis of Low-Valent Metal-Organic Frameworks from Multitopic Phosphine Linkers

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Synthesis
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Framework materials are crucial for gas storage, separations, and catalysis due to their unique properties.
  • Cocrystallization of multiple monomers offers a pathway to create complex framework materials with enhanced functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight strategies for synthesizing complex framework materials using mixtures of monomers.
  • To showcase methods for modifying framework topology, functionality, and morphology.

Main Methods:

  • Exploration of three distinct monomer mixture strategies for framework synthesis.
  • Utilizing monomers with identical linking geometries.
  • Utilizing monomers with different linking geometries.
  • Employing truncated monomers in synthesis.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of diverse toolbox for framework synthesis.
  • Ability to modify framework topology and incorporate active functionality.
  • Rational control over crystallite size and morphology.

Conclusions:

  • Cocrystallization of mixed monomers provides versatile routes to advanced framework materials.
  • These strategies enable fine-tuning of material properties for specific applications.
  • The presented approaches offer significant potential for future materials design.