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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not until 1985...
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Enzyme-linked Receptors01:00

Enzyme-linked Receptors

Enzyme-linked receptors are proteins that act as both receptor and enzyme, activating multiple intracellular signals. This is a large group of receptors that include the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. Many growth factors and hormones bind to and activate the RTKs.
Neurotrophin (NT) receptors are a family of RTKs, including trkA, trkB, and trkC (tropomyosin-related kinase) receptors. TrkA is specific for nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-6, and neurotrophin-7. TrkB binds...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Stimulation of Notch Signaling in Mouse Osteoclast Precursors
08:01

Stimulation of Notch Signaling in Mouse Osteoclast Precursors

Published on: February 28, 2017

Nck1 deficiency accelerates unloading-induced bone loss.

A C Smriti Aryal1, Kentaro Miyai, Tadayoshi Hayata

  • 1Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.

Journal of Cellular Physiology
|January 3, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The adaptor protein Nck1 (Nck1) plays a protective role against bone loss caused by mechanical unloading. Nck1 deficiency exacerbates unloading-induced osteoporosis, highlighting its importance in bone mechanical stress regulation.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 15, 2026

Stimulation of Notch Signaling in Mouse Osteoclast Precursors
08:01

Stimulation of Notch Signaling in Mouse Osteoclast Precursors

Published on: February 28, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Mechanical stress is critical for maintaining bone mass.
  • Unloading-induced osteoporosis affects bed-ridden patients and astronauts.
  • The precise mechanisms of mechanical stress sensing in bone remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the adaptor protein Nck1 in vivo during unloading-induced bone loss.
  • To determine if Nck1 influences bone structure changes in response to mechanical unloading.

Main Methods:

  • Neurectomy-based unloading model in mice.
  • Quantitative analysis of bone structure in Nck1 deficient (Nck1-/-) and wild-type (Nck1+/+) mice.
  • Measurement of Nck1 gene expression in bone tissue.

Main Results:

  • Neurectomy-based unloading increased Nck1 gene expression in bone.
  • Unloading reduced bone volume by 30% in wild-type mice.
  • Nck1 deficient mice showed exacerbated bone loss (50% reduction in bone volume) after unloading compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • Nck1 deficiency accelerates bone loss under unloading conditions.
  • Nck1 is a crucial molecule in the regulation of bone metabolism in response to mechanical stress.
  • These findings suggest Nck1 as a potential therapeutic target for unloading-induced osteoporosis.