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10:38
Simultaneous Quantification of Selected Kynurenines Analyzed by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry in Medium Collected from Cancer Cell Cultures
Published on: May 9, 2020
Indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase in intestinal disease
1Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA. mciorba@dom.wustl.edu
Current Opinion in Gastroenterology
|January 4, 2013
Summary
Indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) expression is elevated in inflammatory bowel diseases and cancer, impacting gut immunity. IDO1 activity may serve as a disease biomarker and a therapeutic target for gastrointestinal disorders.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Immunology
- Oncology
Background:
- Elevated indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) expression is linked to gastrointestinal diseases like inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and malignancy.
- IDO1 initiates tryptophan catabolism, producing bioactive kynurenine metabolites with roles in T-cell tolerance and antimicrobial defense.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advances in understanding the implications of gut-associated IDO1 expression.
- To explore the role of IDO1 in gastrointestinal disease pathophysiology and its potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on IDO1 expression and function in gastrointestinal diseases.
- Analysis of experimental models and human studies investigating IDO1 in IBD and colon cancer.
Main Results:
- IDO1 is highly expressed in active IBD and correlates with poor prognosis in human colon cancer.
- Experimental models show IDO1 promotes gut immune homeostasis by limiting inflammation and protecting the epithelium.
- Elevated serum kynurenine:tryptophan ratio in active Crohn's disease and colon cancer suggests potential as a biomarker.
Conclusions:
- IDO1 activity significantly influences gastrointestinal disease severity and progression.
- IDO1 activity measures show promise as disease biomarkers.
- Targeting IDO1 presents a potential therapeutic strategy for inflammatory and malignant gastrointestinal diseases.
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