Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors01:30

Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), a vital component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, is abundant in lung endothelial cells. ACE converts the inactive decapeptide, angiotensin I, into the active octapeptide, angiotensin II. This potent vasoconstrictor narrows blood vessels, increasing resistance to blood flow and elevating blood pressure. Angiotensin II also stimulates aldosterone production, encouraging kidney cells to reabsorb more sodium and water from urine, thereby increasing...
Protein Networks02:26

Protein Networks

An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...
Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria01:19

Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria

Mitochondrial precursors are translocated to the internal subcompartments via independent mechanisms involving distinct protein machineries called translocases.
Sorting of outer membrane proteins:
Mitochondrial outer membrane proteins are of two types: the transmembrane, beta-barrel porins, and the membrane-anchored, alpha-helical proteins. Beta-barrel porin precursors are translocated by the TOM complex and inserted into the outer mitochondrial membrane by the SAM complex. In contrast,...
Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors01:27

Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors

Enzyme-linked receptors are cell-surface receptors acting as an enzyme or associating with an enzyme intracellularly. They make excellent drug targets. Drugs can bind to the extracellular ligand-binding domain or directly affect their enzymatic domain and alter their activity.
Major types that are helpful drug targets include:
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
Proteins: From Genes to Degradation02:11

Proteins: From Genes to Degradation

Within a biological system, the DNA encodes the RNA, and the nucleotide sequence in the RNA further defines the amino acid sequence in the protein. This is referred to as “The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology” - a term coined by Francis Crick.  Central dogma is a firm principle in biology that defines the flow of genetic information within any life form. The two fundamental steps in central dogma are - transcription and translation.
Transcription is the synthesis of RNA molecules by RNA...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Heat shock protein 72 is a druggable target during cold storage to improve graft outcome after kidney transplantation.

American journal of physiology. Renal physiology·2026
Same author

Malignancy-Associated Hypercalcemia and Kidney Disease: Facts, Controversies, and Management.

Kidney medicine·2026
Same author

Fungal DNA in Circulation: A Sleuth's Clue to Predict Cardiovascular Risk for Hemodialysis Patients.

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN·2026
Same author

Proteomic Characterization of Bottlenose Dolphin (<i>Tursiops truncatus</i>) Urine.

Journal of proteome research·2025
Same author

Prevalence, resource utilization, and economic impact of kidney function and proteinuria in patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.

The American journal of managed care·2025
Same author

Treating Hepatorenal Syndrome in the Current Era.

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Nitropeptide Profiling and Identification Illustrated by Angiotensin II
07:31

Nitropeptide Profiling and Identification Illustrated by Angiotensin II

Published on: June 16, 2019

Network modeling reveals steps in angiotensin peptide processing.

John H Schwacke1, John Christian G Spainhour, Jessalyn L Ierardi

  • 1Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)
|January 4, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Computational systems biology revealed new roles for neprilysin and aminopeptidase A in the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system. This approach identified novel enzymatic conversions, enhancing our understanding of kidney Ang peptide processing.

More Related Videos

Receptor Autoradiography Protocol for the Localized Visualization of Angiotensin II Receptors
12:03

Receptor Autoradiography Protocol for the Localized Visualization of Angiotensin II Receptors

Published on: June 7, 2016

Live Cell Imaging and 3D Analysis of Angiotensin Receptor Type 1a Trafficking in Transfected Human Embryonic Kidney Cells Using Confocal Microscopy
09:51

Live Cell Imaging and 3D Analysis of Angiotensin Receptor Type 1a Trafficking in Transfected Human Embryonic Kidney Cells Using Confocal Microscopy

Published on: March 27, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 15, 2026

Nitropeptide Profiling and Identification Illustrated by Angiotensin II
07:31

Nitropeptide Profiling and Identification Illustrated by Angiotensin II

Published on: June 16, 2019

Receptor Autoradiography Protocol for the Localized Visualization of Angiotensin II Receptors
12:03

Receptor Autoradiography Protocol for the Localized Visualization of Angiotensin II Receptors

Published on: June 7, 2016

Live Cell Imaging and 3D Analysis of Angiotensin Receptor Type 1a Trafficking in Transfected Human Embryonic Kidney Cells Using Confocal Microscopy
09:51

Live Cell Imaging and 3D Analysis of Angiotensin Receptor Type 1a Trafficking in Transfected Human Embryonic Kidney Cells Using Confocal Microscopy

Published on: March 27, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Systems Biology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • The intrarenal renin-angiotensin (Ang) system's complexity is not fully understood.
  • Details of peptide and peptidase interactions within this system remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To apply computational systems biology to peptidomic data for unraveling the Ang system's enzymatic conversion network.
  • To identify novel steps in Ang peptide processing within the kidney.

Main Methods:

  • Developed and refined Bayesian network and dynamic systems models.
  • Utilized archived mass spectrometry data from mouse podocytes exposed to Ang substrates.
  • Validated model-predicted enzymatic conversions in vitro.

Main Results:

  • Identified previously unrecognized enzymatic steps in Ang peptide processing.
  • Confirmed in vitro the conversion of Ang(2-10) to Ang(2-7) by neprilysin.
  • Confirmed in vitro the conversion of Ang(1-9) to Ang(2-9) and Ang(1-7) to Ang(2-7) by aminopeptidase A.
  • Suggested a broader role for neprilysin and aminopeptidase A in glomerular Ang peptide formation.

Conclusions:

  • Systems biology approaches effectively identify novel steps in Ang peptide processing networks.
  • Findings enhance the understanding of the glomerular renin-Ang system.
  • Neprilysin and aminopeptidase A play significant roles in shunting Ang peptide formation in the glomerulus.