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Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills

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Validating the gambling functional assessment--revised in a United kingdom sample.

Jeffrey N Weatherly¹, Simon Dymond, Lotte Samuels

¹Department of Psychology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, 58202-8380, USA, jeffrey.weatherly@und.edu.

Journal of Gambling Studies

|January 4, 2013

Summary

The Gambling Functional Assessment-Revised (GFA-R) is a valid tool for assessing gambling motivations in UK university students. Its psychometric properties are comparable to US samples, supporting its use in research and clinical practice.

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Area of Science:

Psychology
Clinical Psychology
Addiction Research

Background:

The Gambling Functional Assessment-Revised (GFA-R) assesses gambling reinforcement (positive vs. escape).
Previous validation studies exist, but cross-cultural validation is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

To validate the psychometric properties of the GFA-R in a United Kingdom (UK) university student sample.
To compare the GFA-R's performance in the UK with existing data from US university students.

Main Methods:

274 UK university students completed the GFA-R; 153 also completed the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS).
201 US university students completed both the GFA-R and SOGS.
Confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess the GFA-R model fit and internal consistency.

Main Results:

The original GFA-R model demonstrated an excellent fit with the UK student data.
High internal consistency was observed for the GFA-R in the UK sample.
GFA-R results in the UK were comparable, or superior, to those from the US sample.
SOGS scores strongly correlated with the GFA-R escape subscale in both UK and US samples.

Conclusions:

The GFA-R is a psychometrically valid and reliable measure for use with UK university students.
The findings support the GFA-R's utility for both practitioners and researchers in the UK.
The robust association between gambling for escape and disordered gambling appears to be a universal phenomenon.