3-(6-Amino-pyridinium-3-yl)benzoate monohydrate

Area of Science:

• Crystallography
• Supramolecular Chemistry
• Organic Chemistry

Background:

• Understanding the solid-state behavior of organic molecules is crucial for materials science.
• Zwitterionic compounds exhibit unique chemical and physical properties due to internal charge separation.
• Hydrogen bonding plays a significant role in the self-assembly of molecules in crystal structures.

Purpose of the Study:

• To elucidate the crystal structure of the title compound, C(12)H(10)N(2)O(2)·H(2)O.
• To investigate the intermolecular interactions, specifically hydrogen bonding, within the crystal lattice.
• To characterize the zwitterionic nature of the compound in the solid state.

Main Methods:

• Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the molecular and crystal structure.
• Analysis of bond lengths, bond angles, and dihedral angles provided structural insights.
• Hydrogen bond analysis identified the specific interactions (O-H⋯O and N-H⋯O) and their geometry.

Main Results:

• The compound crystallizes as a zwitterion, with a protonated pyridine nitrogen and a deprotonated carboxyl group.
• The dihedral angle between the benzene and pyridinium rings was determined to be 54.93(1)°.
• A three-dimensional supramolecular network was formed through extensive O-H⋯O and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonding.

Conclusions:

• The crystal structure confirms the zwitterionic character of the compound in the solid state.
• The identified hydrogen bonding patterns are key to the formation of the extended three-dimensional network.
• This structural information contributes to the understanding of crystal engineering and the design of functional organic materials.