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IUPAC Nomenclature of Aldehydes01:16

IUPAC Nomenclature of Aldehydes

Aldehydes are named based on the systematic nomenclature rules set by the IUPAC. For acyclic aldehydes, the longest carbon chain containing the aldehydic (–CHO) group is considered the parent chain. The aldehyde is named by replacing the last letter “e” in the hydrocarbon name with “al”. For instance, a simple, seven-carbon-membered acyclic aldehyde is called heptanal, derived from heptane. The carbon chain is numbered starting from the aldehydic carbon, although the aldehydic carbon’s locant...
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Simple unsubstituted benzene has six aromatic protons, all chemically equivalent. Therefore, benzene exhibits only a singlet peak at δ 7.3 ppm in the 1H NMR spectrum. The observed shift is far downfield because the aromatic ring current strongly deshields the protons. Any substitution on the benzene ring makes the aromatic protons nonequivalent, and the protons split each other. The peak is, therefore, no longer a singlet and the splitting pattern and their associated coupling constants depend...
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A Strategy for Sensitive, Large Scale Quantitative Metabolomics
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3,5-Bis(benz-yloxy)benzoic acid.

Rodolfo Moreno-Fuquen1, Carlos Grande, Rigoberto C Advincula

  • 1Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Valle, Apartado 25360, Santiago de Cali, Colombia.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
|January 4, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study details the crystal structure of a C(21)H(18)O(4) compound, revealing disordered benzyl rings and specific molecular conformations. Hydrogen bonds and weak interactions link molecules into crystal chains.

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Area of Science:

  • Crystallography
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Understanding molecular structure and intermolecular interactions is crucial for predicting material properties.
  • The specific compound C(21)H(18)O(4) presents an interesting case for structural analysis due to its aromatic and aliphatic components.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the detailed crystal structure of the title compound C(21)H(18)O(4).
  • To analyze the molecular conformation, including benzyl ring disorder and dihedral angles.
  • To investigate the intermolecular interactions governing crystal packing.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the three-dimensional structure.
  • Analysis of bond lengths, bond angles, and dihedral angles provided conformational insights.
  • Identification of hydrogen bonds (O-H⋯O) and weak C-H⋯O interactions characterized crystal packing.

Main Results:

  • The crystal structure of C(21)H(18)O(4) was successfully resolved.
  • Outer benzyl rings exhibited disorder over two positions with a 0.50 ratio.
  • Specific dihedral angles (4.1° and 10.9°) were measured between O-CH(2) groups and the central benzene ring, indicating a syn-anti conformation.
  • Molecules were observed to form chains along the [010] direction via O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and C-H⋯O interactions.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a precise structural description of C(21)H(18)O(4) at the molecular and crystalline level.
  • The observed disorder and specific conformations offer insights into the compound's solid-state behavior.
  • The identified intermolecular interactions are key to understanding the formation of the observed crystal structure and potential material properties.