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Related Concept Videos

DNA Microarrays02:34

DNA Microarrays

Microarrays are high-throughput and relatively inexpensive assays that can be automated to analyze large quantities of data at a time. They are used in genome-wide studies to compare gene or protein expression under two varied conditions, such as healthy and diseased states. Microarrays consist of glass or silica slides on which probe molecules are covalently attached through surface functionalization. Most commonly, the slides are prepared through the chemisorption of silanes to silica...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Single Droplet Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction for Comprehensive and Simultaneous Detection of Mutations in Hotspot Regions
08:23

Single Droplet Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction for Comprehensive and Simultaneous Detection of Mutations in Hotspot Regions

Published on: September 25, 2018

Mutation scanning using MUT-MAP, a high-throughput, microfluidic chip-based, multi-analyte panel.

Rajesh Patel1, Alison Tsan, Rachel Tam

  • 1Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, United States of America. rajeshdp@gene.com

Plos One
|January 4, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a high-throughput microfluidics assay (MUT-MAP) for detecting multiple cancer gene mutations. This method enables rapid, sensitive biomarker discovery for personalized cancer therapies using minimal DNA.

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Published on: November 13, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Targeted anticancer therapies require precise identification of patient subgroups likely to respond to treatment.
  • Predictive, diagnostic, and prognostic biomarkers are crucial for patient selection, understanding tumor biology, and discovering novel drug targets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a high-throughput microfluidics method for efficient and sensitive mutation detection in key cancer-related genes.
  • To validate this assay for biomarker discovery and validation in personalized medicine and cancer drug development.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a mutation multi-analyte panel (MUT-MAP) using TaqMan or allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR) on a microfluidics platform.
  • Analyzed 71 mutations across six key oncogenes (EGFR, KRAS, PIK3CA, NRAS, BRAF, AKT1) after DNA preamplification.
  • Validated the assay using cell lines and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) clinical samples, confirming results with other methods.

Main Results:

  • The MUT-MAP assay demonstrated high sensitivity, detecting mutations from as little as 2 ng of genomic DNA (gDNA).
  • Achieved excellent inter- and intra-chip reproducibility and validated the assay in 51 cell lines and 33 FFPE samples.
  • Successfully analyzed 92 clinical trial samples, completing analysis in 2-3 days using minimal DNA from both fresh frozen and FFPE sources.

Conclusions:

  • The developed microfluidics-based mutation assay is a valuable tool for high-throughput biomarker discovery and validation.
  • This assay enables the detection of a wide range of mutations in therapeutically relevant genes from small DNA amounts, supporting personalized medicine.
  • The rapid and sensitive nature of the assay significantly improves upon traditional methods in terms of speed and DNA input requirements.