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Related Concept Videos

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis01:23

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis

The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
The solar UV B rays (290-315 nm) are absorbed by the skin, and 7-dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3) photolyzes it to previtamin D3, which undergoes a rapid transformation to vitamin D3(cholecalciferol).
Vitamins01:30

Vitamins

Vitamins, derived from the Latin word for life, are essential organic substances required in small quantities for optimal growth and overall well-being. Unlike other organic nutrients, vitamins don't act as sources of energy or building materials but rather facilitate these nutrients' utilization by the body. Vitamins are predominantly coenzymes, assisting enzymes in specific chemical actions, like the oxidation of glucose for energy involving B vitamins. Most vitamins are not produced in our...
Study Designs in Epidemiology01:20

Study Designs in Epidemiology

Epidemiological study designs are fundamental tools for investigating the distribution, determinants, and control of health conditions in populations. They help researchers understand the relationships between exposures and outcomes, and they broadly fall into two categories: "observational" and "experimental" studies.
Observational studies are those where the researcher does not intervene but rather observes natural variations. They include cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies.
Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
Connective Tissue Cell Types01:22

Connective Tissue Cell Types

Connective tissue develops from the mesoderm of a developing embryo and consists of cells, fibers, and ground substance: a gel-like material containing large complexes of carbohydrates and proteins. Connective tissue was first identified as a separate tissue family in the 18th century, and Johannes Peter Muller coined the term connective tissue.
Fat cells (adipocytes), smooth muscle cells (myoblasts), and bone cells (osteoblasts) are some connective tissue cell types. Some immune system cells...
Bias in Epidemiological Studies01:29

Bias in Epidemiological Studies

Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

A Method of Trigonometric Modelling of Seasonal Variation Demonstrated with Multiple Sclerosis Relapse Data
10:46

A Method of Trigonometric Modelling of Seasonal Variation Demonstrated with Multiple Sclerosis Relapse Data

Published on: December 9, 2015

Vitamin D status and cause-specific mortality: a general population study.

Tea Skaaby1, Lise Lotte Nystrup Husemoen, Charlotta Pisinger

  • 1Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark. tea.skaaby.01@regionh.dk

Plos One
|January 4, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Low vitamin D levels are linked to increased mortality from respiratory, digestive, and metabolic diseases. This suggests exploring non-cardiovascular and non-cancer causes for the vitamin D-mortality association.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 15, 2026

A Method of Trigonometric Modelling of Seasonal Variation Demonstrated with Multiple Sclerosis Relapse Data
10:46

A Method of Trigonometric Modelling of Seasonal Variation Demonstrated with Multiple Sclerosis Relapse Data

Published on: December 9, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Vitamin D deficiency is linked to higher all-cause mortality in observational studies.
  • The specific causes of death contributing to this association require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between vitamin D status and cause-specific mortality.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 9,146 individuals from two population-based studies (Monica10 and Inter99).
  • Assessment of vitamin D status via serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D.
  • Cause of death data obtained from The Danish Register of Causes of Death until December 2009 (832 deaths, 10.3-year median follow-up).

Main Results:

  • Higher vitamin D levels (fourth quartile) significantly correlated with lower mortality from respiratory diseases (HR 0.26), digestive system diseases (HR 0.28), and endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases (HR 0.21) compared to the lowest quartile.
  • Non-significant trends towards lower mortality were observed for mental/behavioral and nervous system diseases.
  • No significant association was found between vitamin D status and mortality from neoplasms or circulatory system diseases.

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest that causes beyond cardiovascular disease and cancer may explain the inverse association between vitamin D status and mortality.
  • Further research should explore the role of vitamin D in mortality related to respiratory, digestive, and metabolic systems.