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Anchoring Junctions

Anchoring Junctions

Anchoring junctions are multiprotein complexes that help cells connect to other cells and the extracellular matrix. Anchoring junctions are present on the lateral and basal surfaces of cells, providing strong and flexible connections. Focal adhesions are often formed due to cell interactions with the ECM substrata, which initiate signal transduction via kinase cascades and other mechanisms. Together, they provide stability and tissue integrity. There are three types of anchoring junctions:...

Adherens Junctions

Adherens Junctions

Strong contact points between adjacent cells anchor them to each other, forming tissues. Such anchoring junctions are of two types – adherens junctions and desmosomes. Adherens junctions are abundant in tissues such as epithelium and endothelium, forming a continuous zone of adhesion called the adhesion belt. In other tissues, such as heart muscle, they appear as clusters, linking the cells to produce coordinated heart muscle contraction.
Adherens Junctions are Dynamic
The endothelial cells...

Posttensioned Masonry Walls

Posttensioned Masonry Walls

Post-tensioned masonry walls use high-strength steel rods or flexible tendons to enhance the strength and efficiency of masonry structures. These elements are securely anchored to the foundation and extend vertically either within the cores of the masonry units or between the masonry wythes. The construction process involves building the wall with these tensioning elements in place and allowing the mortar to fully cure.
Following the curing process, the tensioning begins. Steel rods are...

Generation of Straight or Branched Actin Filaments

Generation of Straight or Branched Actin Filaments

The straight or branched structure formation of actin filaments is controlled by nucleating proteins such as the formins and Arp2/3 complex. Formin-mediated assembly results in straight filaments, whereas Arp2/3 protein complex-mediated assembly results in branched actin filaments.
Arp2/3 Complex
Arp2/3 complex is a seven-subunit complex consisting of two proteins similar to actin- Arp2 and Arp3, and five other subunits that help keep Arp2 and Arp3 inactive. When required, the complex is...

Tension Response at Adherens Junctions

Tension Response at Adherens Junctions

The adherens junctions that anchor cells together are multi-protein complexes that dynamically adapt to mechanical stimuli such as tensile forces and shear stress. Mechanosensory proteins in these junctions can sense such mechanical stimuli and undergo a shift in their conformation, resulting in an altered function — a process called mechanotransduction.
α-Catenin as a Mechanosensory Protein
The α-catenin of adherens junctions is an allosteric protein with three VH (vinculin homology) domains...

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching

The skeletal structure of polymers synthesized via radical polymerization is always branched. For example, the polymerization of ethylene by radical polymerization results in a low-density grade of polyethylene with a heavily branched skeletal structure. Here, the radical site abstracts hydrogen from the growing chain, and the radical site shifts from the end (a primary carbon center) to anywhere within the growing chain (a secondary carbon center). Consequently, the part of the chain from the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Origami Inspired Self-assembly of Patterned and Reconfigurable Particles

Origami Inspired Self-assembly of Patterned and Reconfigurable Particles

Published on: February 4, 2013

Janus particles at walls modified with tethered chains.

M Borówko¹, T Pöschel, S Sokołowski

¹Department for the Modeling of Physico-Chemical Processes, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B

|January 5, 2013

Summary

This study explores how amphiphilic molecules arrange at surfaces with tethered chains. It reveals how surface interactions and molecular structure influence particle adsorption and ordering.

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Last Updated: May 15, 2026

Origami Inspired Self-assembly of Patterned and Reconfigurable Particles

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Preparation of Janus Particles and Alternating Current Electrokinetic Measurements with a Rapidly Fabricated Indium Tin Oxide Electrode Array

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Area of Science:

Soft matter physics
Surface science
Computational chemistry

Background:

Amphiphilic molecules exhibit complex behavior at interfaces.
Tethered chain molecules modify surface properties and influence adsorption.
Understanding molecular interactions at modified surfaces is crucial for material design.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the adsorption behavior of amphiphilic molecules at planar walls functionalized with tethered chains.
To elucidate the role of molecular architecture and surface modification on adsorption phenomena.
To analyze the interplay between external fields and interaction-induced ordering.

Main Methods:

Utilizing density functional theory (DFT) for theoretical investigation.
Modeling amphiphilic molecules as spheres with distinct hydrophilic and hydrophobic segments.
Employing fundamental measure theory (FMT) and thermodynamic perturbation theory (TPT) for chain interactions.
Incorporating a mean-field approximation for anisotropic interactions.

Main Results:

Detailed analysis of amphiphilic molecule structure and adsorption at modified planar walls.
Demonstration of competition between external fields and ordering phenomena.
Insights into the influence of tethered chains on molecular arrangement.

Conclusions:

The study provides a theoretical framework for understanding amphiphilic adsorption on tethered chain surfaces.
Findings highlight the importance of molecular design and surface modification in controlling interfacial properties.
The computational approach offers a valuable tool for predicting and optimizing self-assembly processes.