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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Chronic pancreatitis is a long-standing, relapsing inflammation of the pancreas, characterized by irreversible damage to the gland. It results in progressive destruction of the pancreatic parenchyma, fibrosis, and eventual loss of both exocrine and endocrine function. The disease may evolve gradually after multiple episodes of acute pancreatitis or develop independently.EtiologyChronic pancreatitis can arise from a variety of causes:Alcohol use is the leading cause, accounting for 70–80% of...
Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:25

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Acute pancreatitis is the sudden inflammation of the pancreas caused by the early activation of digestive enzymes, leading to the autodigestion of pancreatic tissue. This results in local inflammation and, in severe cases, systemic complications.EtiologyUnderstanding the underlying causes is crucial, as identifying the etiology guides treatment and anticipates complications. Acute pancreatitis can be triggered by various factors, typically grouped into the following clinical categories.Biliary...
Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach. It can be either acute or chronic.
Acute pancreatitis is characterized by rapid inflammation of the pancreas, often caused by factors like gallstone blockage or excessive alcohol consumption. Chronic pancreatitis, on the other hand, is a slow, progressive inflammation that may result from long-term alcohol abuse, obstructions in the pancreatic duct, or genetic factors.
The causes of acute pancreatitis include:
Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...

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Granulocyte-dependent Autoantibody-induced Skin Blistering
12:23

Granulocyte-dependent Autoantibody-induced Skin Blistering

Published on: October 12, 2012

Antiphospholipid-antibody-associated panniculitis.

Raegan D Hunt1, Maria Robinson, Rishi Patel

  • 1The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University School of Medicine, USA.

Dermatology Online Journal
|January 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary

A man with antiphospholipid syndrome experienced recurring skin nodules. Treatment with aspirin improved his condition, correlating with reduced antiphospholipid antibody levels.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by blood clots and pregnancy complications.
  • Cutaneous manifestations of APS are diverse, but panniculitis is less commonly reported.
  • This case highlights a potential link between specific antiphospholipid antibodies and inflammatory skin conditions.

Observation:

  • A 60-year-old male presented with recurrent, tender, erythematous leg nodules and arthralgias.
  • He had a history of incidentally discovered lupus anticoagulant antibodies.
  • Skin biopsy revealed septal and lobular panniculitis with eosinophils, fibrosis, and fat necrosis, but no vasculitis.

Findings:

  • Laboratory results showed an elevated activated partial thromboplastin time (PTT).
  • Significantly elevated anti-beta-2 glycoprotein I antibodies (IgM and IgG) and moderately elevated anticardiolipin antibodies (IgM and IgG) were detected.
  • The patient's skin condition correlated with fluctuations in antiphospholipid antibody levels.

Implications:

  • This case suggests a possible association between antiphospholipid antibodies and eosinophilic panniculitis.
  • Aspirin therapy demonstrated efficacy in managing both the skin lesions and potentially modulating antibody levels.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms linking antiphospholipid antibodies to panniculitis and explore targeted therapeutic strategies.