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[Lipodystrophies].

L Fardet1, C Vigouroux, J Capeau

  • 1Inserm UMR S938, centre de recherche Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France; UMPC, université Paris 6, 75012 Paris, France; Service de médecine interne, hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, 184, rue du Faubourg-Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France.

La Revue De Medecine Interne
|January 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human lipodystrophies involve altered body fat, leading to metabolic issues like diabetes and cardiovascular risks. Treatment is challenging, but therapies like leptin show promise for certain forms.

Keywords:
Adipose tissueDiabetesDiabèteInsulin resistanceLipodystrophieLipodystrophiesRésistance à l’insulineTissu adipeux

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology and Metabolism
  • Genetics
  • Pharmacology

Context:

  • Human lipodystrophies are a diverse group of disorders characterized by abnormal fat distribution.
  • These conditions are frequently linked to significant metabolic complications, including insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia.
  • Lipodystrophies can be inherited (genetic) or develop later in life (acquired), and may affect the entire body (generalized) or specific areas (partial).

Purpose:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of human lipodystrophies, covering their classification, associated metabolic derangements, and current therapeutic strategies.
  • To highlight the challenges in managing lipodystrophies and the potential of emerging treatments.

Summary:

  • Lipodystrophies manifest as altered body fat quantity or distribution, often causing metabolic disturbances like insulin resistance, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and potential complications such as cardiovascular disease and hepatic steatosis.
  • Classified as genetic or acquired, generalized or partial, the acquired forms are more prevalent, notably in individuals with HIV undergoing antiretroviral therapy or those with hypercortisolism.
  • Management is complex, with lifestyle changes often insufficient; treatment focuses on metabolic disorders using insulin sensitizers, insulin, and lipid-lowering agents, while novel therapies like leptin offer new hope for specific cases.

Impact:

  • Improved understanding of lipodystrophy pathophysiology and classification.
  • Highlights the critical need for timely management of associated metabolic disorders to mitigate severe health consequences.
  • Suggests potential therapeutic avenues, including leptin, for improving patient outcomes in challenging cases of lipodystrophy.