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Related Concept Videos

Next-generation Sequencing03:00

Next-generation Sequencing

The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features.
RNA-seq03:21

RNA-seq

RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases. 
Before the discovery of RNA-seq, microarray-based methods and Sanger sequencing were used for transcriptome analysis. However, while microarray-based...
Sanger Sequencing01:57

Sanger Sequencing

DNA sequencing is a fundamental technique that is routinely used in the biological sciences. This method can be applied to a range of questions at different scales - from the sequencing of a cloned DNA fragment or the study of a mutation in a gene up to whole-genome sequencing. However, despite the widespread use of sequencing today, it was not until 1977 that Fredrick Sanger and his collaborators developed the chain-termination method to decode DNA sequences. It relies on the separation of a...
Modern Molecular Taxonomy01:29

Modern Molecular Taxonomy

Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
Maxam-Gilbert Sequencing01:05

Maxam-Gilbert Sequencing

In the same year as the discovery of the Sanger sequencing method, another group of scientists, Allan Maxam and Walter Gilbert, demonstrated their chemical-cleavage method for DNA sequencing. The Maxam-Gilbert method relies on using different chemicals that can cleave the DNA sequence at specific sites, the separation of resulting DNA fragments of variable size using electrophoresis, and deciphering the DNA sequence from the resulting gel bands.
Challenges of the Maxam-Gilbert Method
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Multiplexed Single Cell mRNA Sequencing Analysis of Mouse Embryonic Cells
08:30

Multiplexed Single Cell mRNA Sequencing Analysis of Mouse Embryonic Cells

Published on: January 7, 2020

Multiplex Illumina sequencing using DNA barcoding.

Koon Ho Wong1, Yi Jin, Zarmik Moqtaderi

  • 1Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Current Protocols in Molecular Biology
|January 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Multiplex sequencing uses DNA barcodes to pool and sequence multiple samples, saving costs and time. This protocol efficiently prepares up to 96 ChIP samples for Illumina sequencing, applicable to other applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Modern sequencing generates vast amounts of data, often exceeding experimental needs, particularly for small genomes.
  • Multiplex sequencing, using DNA barcodes to tag and pool samples, offers an economical and efficient solution.
  • Bioinformatic analysis requires subsequent sorting of pooled sequence data by barcode.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a barcoding protocol for preparing up to 96 ChIP samples for multiplex sequencing.
  • To enable simultaneous sequencing of multiple samples in a single Illumina flow cell lane.
  • To provide a strategy adaptable for larger sample numbers and diverse sequencing applications.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a barcoding protocol for sample preparation.
  • Utilizing short, unique DNA sequences (barcodes) for sample identification.
  • Pooling barcoded samples for simultaneous sequencing on the Illumina platform.

Main Results:

  • Successful preparation of up to 96 ChIP samples for multiplex sequencing.
  • Demonstration of a cost-effective and efficient method for deep sequencing.
  • The protocol is designed for the Illumina platform but is generalizable.

Conclusions:

  • The presented barcoding protocol facilitates efficient multiplex sequencing of ChIP samples.
  • This strategy significantly reduces costs and increases efficiency in genomic experiments.
  • The method is versatile and can be applied to various sequencing applications and platforms.