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Related Concept Videos

Diverticular Disease of the Colon01:27

Diverticular Disease of the Colon

Diverticular disease involves the formation of diverticula—small sac-like outpouchings of the colonic wall—and their complications. It most commonly affects the sigmoid colon due to higher intraluminal pressure and structural vulnerability. It results from structural weakness and increased pressure in the colon, producing pseudodiverticula that may remain silent or progress to inflammation and serious complications.Structure of DiverticulaIn diverticulosis, these outpouchings are...
Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology01:07

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

Intestinal obstruction triggers a series of physiological responses, starting with gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment proximal to the obstruction, leading to distension. This distended intestine compresses the diaphragm, hindering lung expansion and potentially leading to reduced respiratory effort, atelectasis, and pneumonia.To overcome the blockage, the gut intensifies contractions, causing colicky abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which reduces fluid and food intake and...
Intestinal Obstruction I: Introduction01:29

Intestinal Obstruction I: Introduction

Intestinal obstruction is a partial or complete blockage of the small or large intestine that disrupts the normal flow of intestinal contents through the lumen. This interruption impairs digestion, absorption, and fluid balance, and may lead to serious complications if not treated promptly.Mechanical ObstructionMechanical obstruction occurs when a physical blockage prevents intestinal contents from passing, arising from within the lumen or the bowel wall, or from external compression.Adhesions,...
Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
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Appendicitis01:19

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Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...
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The colon, or large intestine, is the final segment of the digestive system. Its primary functions include absorbing water and vitamins produced by gut bacteria and transforming waste from liquid to solid to form stool. In adults, the large intestine is approximately 5 feet long and consists of four main sections:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Caudal-to-cranial Approach in Laparoscopic Right Hemicolectomy with Complete Mesocolon Excision and D3 Lymph Node Dissection
06:46

Caudal-to-cranial Approach in Laparoscopic Right Hemicolectomy with Complete Mesocolon Excision and D3 Lymph Node Dissection

Published on: January 9, 2026

[Persistent descending mesocolon: case report].

Zoran Trebješanin, Srdjan Babić, Goran Vučurević

    Srpski Arhiv Za Celokupno Lekarstvo
    |January 8, 2013
    PubMed
    Summary

    A rare congenital anomaly, persistent descending mesocolon, can cause symptoms mimicking internal hernias. This condition, where the descending colon remains mobile, may be more prevalent than previously thought.

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    Murine Ileocolic Bowel Resection with Primary Anastomosis
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    Murine Ileocolic Bowel Resection with Primary Anastomosis

    Published on: October 29, 2014

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    Last Updated: May 15, 2026

    Caudal-to-cranial Approach in Laparoscopic Right Hemicolectomy with Complete Mesocolon Excision and D3 Lymph Node Dissection
    06:46

    Caudal-to-cranial Approach in Laparoscopic Right Hemicolectomy with Complete Mesocolon Excision and D3 Lymph Node Dissection

    Published on: January 9, 2026

    Murine Ileocolic Bowel Resection with Primary Anastomosis
    08:49

    Murine Ileocolic Bowel Resection with Primary Anastomosis

    Published on: October 29, 2014

    Area of Science:

    • Gastroenterology
    • Surgical Anatomy
    • Embryology

    Background:

    • Positional anomalies of the right colon are common, but left-sided anomalies are rare due to complex embryological development.
    • Failure of the descending colon to fix to the posterior abdominal wall can result in a mobile descending colon with a "free" mesocolon.

    Observation:

    • This case presents a persistent descending mesocolon extending from the splenic flexure to the sigmoid colon.
    • The mesocolon enveloped nearly the entire small bowel within a lateral recess, simulating an internal hernia.

    Findings:

    • The anatomical anomaly mimicked internal herniation, presenting with corresponding clinical and radiological signs.
    • This specific anomaly, persistent descending mesocolon, highlights the spectrum of congenital intestinal malrotation.

    Implications:

    • Recognizing this anomaly is crucial for accurate diagnosis and appropriate surgical management.
    • The condition may be underdiagnosed, suggesting a need for increased awareness in clinical practice.