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Anatomical Positions

Anatomical Positions

In anatomy, several standard anatomical positions are used as references for describing the position and orientation of different body parts. These positions help provide a common frame of reference when discussing anatomical structures. The anatomical position is the standard reference point for describing the body's position and orientation. In this position:
The body is upright, facing forward, and standing erect.
The feet are parallel and flat on the floor.
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Customised symphysio fundal height charts.

K H B Shamawarna¹, I M R Goonewardene, Y A G Perera

¹Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit, Teaching Hospital, Mahamodara, Galle, Sri Lanka.

The Ceylon Medical Journal

|January 8, 2013

Summary

Customised symphysio fundal height (SFH) charts, specifically the CSFH - In chart, show promise in detecting low birth weight (LBW) in Sri Lankan populations. These charts may offer improved accuracy over existing methods for monitoring fetal growth.

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Area of Science:

Maternal-fetal medicine
Obstetrics
Public health

Background:

Accurate fetal growth monitoring is crucial for identifying potential complications like low birth weight (LBW).
Existing symphysio fundal height (SFH) charts may not be universally applicable across diverse ethnic populations.
Customised charts aim to improve the accuracy of SFH measurements for predicting fetal growth abnormalities.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the effectiveness of customised SFH charts (CSFH - In and CSFH - Af) developed for Indian and African populations in the UK, respectively.
To compare the performance of these customised charts against the standard Sri Lankan FHB chart and a general gestational age (GA) ± 2-3 cm chart.
To evaluate their utility in detecting fetal growth restriction and predicting LBW in a Sri Lankan population.

Main Methods:

A prospective study involving 416 pregnant women with singleton fetuses and confirmed gestational ages.
SFH measurements were taken at regular intervals and plotted on four different charts: CSFH - In, CSFH - Af, FHB, and GA ± 2-3 cm.
Maternal demographics (age, parity, BMI) and delivery outcomes (gestational age, birth weight) were recorded, with preterm deliveries excluded (n=401 for analysis).

Main Results:

Maternal BMI was positively correlated with birth weight, but parity was not.
The CSFH - In chart demonstrated superior performance in detecting LBW at term, showing the best sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values.
Among non-customised charts, the GA ± 2-3 cm chart outperformed the FHB chart.

Conclusions:

The CSFH - In chart is recommended for antenatal monitoring of fetal growth in Sri Lanka until a population-specific customised chart is developed.
The GA ± 2-3 cm chart serves as a viable alternative if a customised chart is unavailable.
These findings highlight the potential benefits of using ethnicity-specific or tailored SFH charts for improved obstetric care.