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Optimizing Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery: A Fully 3D CT O-Arm Navigated Workflow in MIS TLIF
Published on: October 17, 2025
Felix C Huang1, Ferdinando A Mussa-Ivaldi, Carla M Pugh
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60208, and the Sensory Motor Performance Program, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Room 1406, 345 E. Superior St., Chicago, IL 60611. f-huang@northwestern.edu.
Virtual reality surgical training improves skills. Position-based virtual constraints and near-target training enhance learning of laparoscopic maneuvers, leading to reduced errors and faster task completion.
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