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Pneumothorax-II

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Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
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Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology

Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology

Pneumothorax means the presence of air in the pleural space — the thin potential gap between the visceral and parietal pleura. This condition disrupts the normal pressure balance that keeps the lungs inflated, leading to partial or complete collapse of the affected lung.Normal physiologyUnder normal conditions, the pleural space maintains a slightly negative intrapleural pressure, which keeps the lungs expanded against the chest wall. This negative pressure creates a delicate balance between...

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Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

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Updated: May 15, 2026

Spinal Hernia Repair and Cauda Equina Repositioning After Lumbar Decompression under Three-Dimensional Microscopy: A Case Report and Literature Review

Spinal Hernia Repair and Cauda Equina Repositioning After Lumbar Decompression under Three-Dimensional Microscopy: A Case Report and Literature Review

Published on: November 8, 2024

Pulmonary complications after spine surgery.

Ottokar Stundner¹, Fadi Taher, Abhijit Pawar

¹Ottokar Stundner, Stavros G Memtsoudis, Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital for Special Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, United States.

World Journal of Orthopedics

|January 8, 2013

Summary

Pulmonary complications are a significant risk following spine surgery. This review details causes like surgical trauma and embolization, aiming to reduce patient harm.

Keywords:

Complications Pulmonary Pulmonary embolism Spine surgery Transfusion-associated lung injury Ventilator-associated lung injury

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Spinal Hernia Repair and Cauda Equina Repositioning After Lumbar Decompression under Three-Dimensional Microscopy: A Case Report and Literature Review

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Surgical Approach and Complications of Stand-alone Lateral Trans-Psoas Interbody Fusion

Surgical Approach and Complications of Stand-alone Lateral Trans-Psoas Interbody Fusion

Published on: February 14, 2025

Area of Science:

Orthopedic Surgery
Pulmonary Medicine
Critical Care

Background:

Spine surgery is a rapidly expanding field with high patient acuity.
Pulmonary complications are prevalent and potentially fatal perioperative risks.
Comorbidities increase the likelihood of adverse outcomes in spine surgery patients.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the primary causes of pulmonary complications after spine surgery.
To explore the pathophysiology of these lung injuries.
To identify strategies for mitigating harm.

Main Methods:

Literature review focusing on perioperative pulmonary complications in spine surgery.
Analysis of factors contributing to lung injury.
Discussion of preventative and management strategies.

Main Results:

Key causes include surgical trauma, embolization (bone marrow, debris), transfusion-related lung injury, and ventilator-associated lung injury.
Pathophysiological mechanisms involve direct lung injury and systemic inflammatory responses.
Patient comorbidities significantly influence complication risk.

Conclusions:

Pulmonary complications are a critical concern in spine surgery.
Understanding contributing factors is essential for risk reduction.
Multifaceted strategies are needed to minimize pulmonary morbidity and mortality.