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Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...
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Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response

Acute inflammation is a rapid, short-lived physiological response to tissue injury or infection, designed to eliminate harmful agents and initiate repair. This tightly regulated process typically lasts from minutes to several days and is triggered by factors such as microbial invasion, physical trauma, or chemical injury.Recognition and Mediator ReleaseThe inflammatory response begins when resident immune cells—such as mast cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells—detect damage-associated...
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Updated: May 15, 2026

Detection of Inflammasome Activation and Pyroptotic Cell Death in Murine Bone Marrow-derived Macrophages
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Detection of Inflammasome Activation and Pyroptotic Cell Death in Murine Bone Marrow-derived Macrophages

Published on: May 21, 2018

Specific inflammasomes in complex diseases.

Seth L Masters1

  • 1The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia. masters@wehi.edu.au

Clinical Immunology (Orlando, Fla.)
|January 9, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Blocking Interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and Interleukin-18 (IL-18) treats inflammatory diseases. Different inflammasomes regulate these cytokines, offering targeted treatment potential for conditions like diabetes, autoimmunity, and infections.

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Last Updated: May 15, 2026

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Accurate and Simple Measurement of the Pro-inflammatory Cytokine IL-1&beta; using a Whole Blood Stimulation Assay
06:29

Accurate and Simple Measurement of the Pro-inflammatory Cytokine IL-1β using a Whole Blood Stimulation Assay

Published on: March 1, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Cytokines Interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and Interleukin-18 (IL-18) are key mediators in various inflammatory pathologies.
  • Inflammasomes, protein complexes nucleated by innate immune receptors, regulate the production of active IL-1β and IL-18.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review complex diseases where IL-1β and IL-18 are pathogenic.
  • To identify specific inflammasomes responsible for these diseases.
  • To explore the role of inflammasomes in pathogen recognition and infectious comorbidities.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of inflammasome research.
  • Analysis of cytokine involvement in disease pathogenesis.
  • Correlation of inflammasome activation with specific pathologies.

Main Results:

  • NLRP3 and NLRP6 inflammasomes are linked to metabolic dysfunction and type 2 diabetes.
  • NLRP1 and AIM2 inflammasomes are implicated in autoimmunity and allergy.
  • Distinct inflammasomes play unique roles in pathogen recognition, influencing infection outcomes and chronic inflammatory diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Targeted inflammasome inhibitors represent a future therapeutic strategy.
  • Personalized medicine approaches can tailor treatments based on specific diseases and patient profiles.
  • Understanding inflammasome pathways is crucial for managing a spectrum of inflammatory and infectious conditions.