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Updated: May 15, 2026

Design and Characterization Methodology for Efficient Wide Range Tunable MEMS Filters
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A spacing compensation factor for the optimization of guided wave annular array transducers.

Cody Borigo1, Joseph L Rose, Fei Yan

  • 1Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA. cjb286@psu.edu

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|January 10, 2013
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals the spacing compensation factor is crucial for annular transducer arrays to achieve optimal mode selection in ultrasonic guided wave applications. Calculations and experiments confirm its significance, unlike in comb arrays.

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Area of Science:

  • Acoustics
  • Materials Science
  • Mechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Transducer arrays are key for preferential excitation in ultrasonic guided wave applications.
  • Array design relies on wave interference principles and excitation wavelength spectrum.
  • Understanding the relationship between element spacing and excitation spectra is vital.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop relationships between peak excitation wavelength and element spacing for linear comb and annular arrays.
  • To introduce and analyze the 'spacing compensation factor' for transducer arrays.
  • To determine the necessity of this factor for optimal mode selection in different array types.

Main Methods:

  • Applied Fourier and Hankel transforms to spatial loading distribution functions of comb and annular arrays.
  • Developed excitation spectra for both array types.
  • Utilized finite element analyses and experimental data for verification.

Main Results:

  • Established relationships between peak wavelength and element spacing for comb and annular arrays.
  • Demonstrated that peak wavelength equals element spacing for comb arrays but not for annular arrays.
  • Introduced the spacing compensation factor, found to be negligible for comb arrays but crucial for annular arrays.

Conclusions:

  • The spacing compensation factor is essential for accurate mode selection in annular transducer arrays.
  • Finite element analysis and experimental data validate the significance of this factor.
  • Optimal design of transducer arrays for ultrasonic guided waves requires careful consideration of element spacing relative to peak wavelength.