Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Blind Procedures

Blind Procedures

Ideally, the people who observe and record the children’s behavior are unaware of who was assigned to the experimental or control group, in order to control for experimenter bias. Experimenter bias refers to the possibility that a researcher’s expectations might skew the results of the study. Remember, conducting an experiment requires a lot of planning, and the people involved in the research project have a vested interest in supporting their hypotheses. If the observers knew which child was...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

APOE ε4 and amyloid status moderate the associations between sleep, physical activity, and tau-PET burden in cognitively unimpaired older adults.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026

Same author

Associations of accelerometry-derived time in major activity intensities with cognitive outcomes: a compositional data analysis approach.

The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences·2026

Same author

Longitudinal associations of the gut microbiome with arterial stiffness in US adults: findings from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging.

American journal of epidemiology·2026

Same author

Stability and change in social network size over four decades: an age-period-cohort analysis.

Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology·2026

Same author

Twenty-Four-Hour Rest-Activity Rhythms and Epigenetic Age Acceleration in Middle-Aged and Older Adults.

JAMA network open·2026

Same author

Circadian rest/activity rhythms and change in MRI-derived brain volumes: Differences by age in a cognitively healthy sample.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Methodology for Establishing a Community-Wide Life Laboratory for Capturing Unobtrusive and Continuous Remote Activity and Health Data

Methodology for Establishing a Community-Wide Life Laboratory for Capturing Unobtrusive and Continuous Remote Activity and Health Data

Published on: July 27, 2018

Sleep, function and HIV: a multi-method assessment.

Charlene E Gamaldo¹, Adam P Spira, Rebecca S Hock

¹Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins Outpatient Center, Johns Hopkins University, 600 N. Wolfe St., Meyer 6-119, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA, cgamald1@jhmi.edu.

AIDS and Behavior

|January 10, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

People with HIV often experience sleep problems, with over half diagnosed with insomnia. These sleep issues significantly impact their quality of life and daily functioning.

More Related Videos

Multi-Modal Home Sleep Monitoring in Older Adults

Multi-Modal Home Sleep Monitoring in Older Adults

Published on: January 26, 2019

High Throughput In Vitro Assessment of Latency Reversing Agents on HIV Transcription and Splicing

High Throughput In Vitro Assessment of Latency Reversing Agents on HIV Transcription and Splicing

Published on: January 22, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 15, 2026

Methodology for Establishing a Community-Wide Life Laboratory for Capturing Unobtrusive and Continuous Remote Activity and Health Data

Methodology for Establishing a Community-Wide Life Laboratory for Capturing Unobtrusive and Continuous Remote Activity and Health Data

Published on: July 27, 2018

Multi-Modal Home Sleep Monitoring in Older Adults

Multi-Modal Home Sleep Monitoring in Older Adults

Published on: January 26, 2019

High Throughput In Vitro Assessment of Latency Reversing Agents on HIV Transcription and Splicing

High Throughput In Vitro Assessment of Latency Reversing Agents on HIV Transcription and Splicing

Published on: January 22, 2019

Area of Science:

Sleep Medicine
Infectious Diseases
Public Health

Background:

Sleep complaints are prevalent and debilitating in individuals with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).
Formal assessment and comparison of sleep disorders in HIV+ individuals using validated tools are infrequent.

Purpose of the Study:

To formally assess and compare sleep disorders in HIV-positive individuals versus a control group.
To investigate the impact of sleep disturbances on quality of life and functional capabilities in HIV+ individuals.

Main Methods:

Utilized structured interviews for sleep disorders, polysomnography, and 2-week ambulatory monitoring.
Administered validated sleep and functional questionnaires, including insomnia severity and MOS-HIV scores.
Compared sleep parameters and diagnostic criteria fulfillment between HIV+ participants and controls.

Main Results:

56% of HIV+ participants met insomnia diagnostic criteria, compared to 0% in controls.
HIV+ individuals exhibited significantly longer sleep latency and reduced sleep quality.
Insomnia severity correlated with fatigue and anxiety; longer sleep latency associated with lower MOS-HIV scores.

Conclusions:

HIV+ individuals suffer from under-diagnosed sleep disorders that negatively affect their quality of life.
Effective recognition and treatment of sleep disorders are crucial for improving functioning and HIV management.
Further research should focus on implementing efficacious medical and behavioral interventions for sleep disturbances in this population.