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[Neuroimaging in corticobasal syndrome]
Hitoshi Shinotoh1, Shigeki Hirano
1National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
Brain and Nerve = Shinkei Kenkyu No Shinpo
|January 10, 2013
Summary
Corticobasal syndrome (CBS) presents with varied pathologies, including Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Identifying specific biomarkers for corticobasal degeneration (CBD) remains a challenge for accurate antemortem diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Neuropathology
- Radiology
Context:
- Corticobasal degeneration (CBD) and corticobasal syndrome (CBS) are challenging neurodegenerative disorders.
- Accurate characterization requires histopathological confirmation.
- Previous studies focused on clinical and MRI-based atrophy patterns.
Purpose:
- To review and synthesize findings on clinical symptoms, brain atrophy, and functional imaging in pathology-proven CBD and CBS.
- To highlight the diverse underlying pathologies associated with CBS.
- To identify current limitations in antemortem diagnosis.
Summary:
- Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) shows frontal lobe involvement in CBD and perirolandic atrophy in CBS, with distinct patterns based on underlying pathology (e.g., FTLD vs. AD).
- Functional imaging (PET, SPECT) reveals reduced fronto-parietal metabolism/blood flow and dopaminergic dysfunction in CBS.
- Decreased acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity suggests potential therapeutic targets for CBS dementia.
Impact:
- This review consolidates current knowledge on CBD and CBS, bridging clinical, pathological, and imaging findings.
- It underscores the need for sensitive and specific biomarkers for reliable antemortem diagnosis of CBD.
- Findings may guide future research towards improved diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies.
