Tuberculosis of the testis: a case report

Area of Science:

• Urology
• Pathology
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Testicular tumors typically present as painless scrotal masses.
• Scrotal ulcers can indicate various underlying pathologies, including infections and malignancies.
• Tuberculosis (TB) is a systemic infectious disease that can affect various organs, including the testes, though rarely.

Observation:

• A 45-year-old man presented with a painless left scrotal swelling and an ulcer.
• Physical examination revealed a hard, indurated mass with ulcerating foci.
• Laboratory tests showed an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) with neutropenia and lymphocytosis.

Findings:

• Histopathology confirmed a diagnosis of testicular tuberculosis, characterized by stratified squamous epithelium with tuberculous granuloma and necrotic caseation.
• The patient underwent left orchidectomy with fistulectomy.
• The condition was rare, necessitating its documentation.

Implications:

• This case highlights the importance of considering extragenital tuberculosis in the differential diagnosis of scrotal masses and ulcers.
• Prompt diagnosis and appropriate anti-tubercular therapy are essential for effective management.
• Reporting such rare presentations contributes to the medical literature and aids in clinical awareness.