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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel Disease...
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management01:29

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management

Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF01:24

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF

Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab (Humira),...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Molecular and Immunologic Techniques in a Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor
07:21

Molecular and Immunologic Techniques in a Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor

Published on: May 2, 2022

Immunotherapy for gastrointestinal malignancies.

Paul G Toomey1, Nasreen A Vohra, Tomar Ghansah

  • 1Department of Surgery, USF Health Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.

Cancer Control : Journal of the Moffitt Cancer Center
|January 11, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Immunotherapy offers new hope for gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, reprogramming the immune system to fight tumors. While monoclonal antibodies are currently the only FDA-approved immunotherapy for GI cancers, new strategies show promise.

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Flow Cytometry-Based Isolation and Therapeutic Evaluation of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in a Mouse Model of Pancreatic Cancer
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Flow Cytometry-Based Isolation and Therapeutic Evaluation of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in a Mouse Model of Pancreatic Cancer

Published on: January 17, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 15, 2026

Molecular and Immunologic Techniques in a Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor
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Molecular and Immunologic Techniques in a Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor

Published on: May 2, 2022

Flow Cytometry-Based Isolation and Therapeutic Evaluation of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in a Mouse Model of Pancreatic Cancer
07:55

Flow Cytometry-Based Isolation and Therapeutic Evaluation of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in a Mouse Model of Pancreatic Cancer

Published on: January 17, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers represent a significant global health challenge, often unresectable at diagnosis.
  • Current treatments like chemotherapy and radiation offer limited survival benefits for GI malignancies.
  • Cancer cells employ immune evasion tactics, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical application and outcomes of immunotherapy in various GI cancers.
  • To assess the potential of immunotherapeutic approaches in improving patient survival and treatment efficacy.
  • To highlight the role of immunotherapy as a neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy for GI malignancies.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of published clinical trials involving immunotherapy for esophageal, gastroesophageal, gastric, hepatocellular, pancreatic, and colorectal cancers.
  • Analysis of data on monoclonal antibody therapy, vaccination-based strategies, and adoptive cell therapy.
  • Evaluation of safety profiles and induction of antitumor immune responses in clinical studies.

Main Results:

  • Monoclonal antibody therapy has emerged as a key treatment for colorectal cancer.
  • Immunotherapy has shown promising results in GI malignancies, mirroring successes in other solid tumors like melanoma and prostate cancer.
  • Initial trials of novel immunotherapies demonstrate safety and the ability to elicit antitumor immune responses.

Conclusions:

  • Monoclonal antibody therapy is the sole FDA-approved immunotherapy for GI cancers to date.
  • Emerging immunotherapeutic strategies, including vaccines and adoptive cell therapy, are safe and induce antitumor immunity.
  • Immunotherapy is poised to become a leading neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment for eradicating GI malignancies.