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Related Concept Videos

iChip01:24

iChip

The cultivation of environmental microorganisms has long been hindered by the inability to replicate complex native conditions in vitro. The isolation chip (iChip) addresses this limitation by facilitating the growth of previously uncultivable microorganisms through in situ incubation. Designed for high-throughput microbial cultivation, the iChip comprises hundreds of microchambers, each capable of housing a single microbial cell. These microchambers are loaded with a mixture of molten agar and...
Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract01:29

Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract

The human respiratory tract, comprising the upper and lower segments, serves as a critical interface with the external environment. The upper respiratory tract (URT)—including the nostrils, sinuses, pharynx, and oropharynx—is heavily colonized by microbes, while the lower respiratory tract (LRT), composed of the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs, was long thought to be sterile. However, recent molecular studies have revealed that the lungs are not devoid of microbes but act more like...
Atypical Pneumonia01:14

Atypical Pneumonia

Atypical pneumonia, often caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, is a form of pulmonary infection that differs from the classical presentation of bacterial pneumonia in both its cause and clinical symptoms. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a pleomorphic bacterium notable for its lack of a rigid cell wall. This structural characteristic imparts resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and significantly influences the bacterium’s behavior within the human host.Other pathogens responsible for the disease include...
Diphtheria01:28

Diphtheria

Diphtheria is an acute, toxin-mediated infectious disease that primarily affects the upper respiratory tract. It is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, a Gram-positive, pleomorphic rod that lacks spore-forming capability and exhibits a characteristic club-shaped morphology under microscopic examination. While C. diphtheriae can asymptomatically colonize mucosal surfaces, clinical disease manifests only when the bacterial strain is lysogenized by a specific β-corynephage. This phage...
Pneumonia I: Introduction01:30

Pneumonia I: Introduction

Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
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Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Rapid Detection of Bacterial Pathogens Causing Lower Respiratory Tract Infections via Microfluidic-Chip-Based Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification
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Rapid Detection of Bacterial Pathogens Causing Lower Respiratory Tract Infections via Microfluidic-Chip-Based Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification

Published on: March 29, 2024

Pathogen chip for respiratory tract infections.

Eric A F Simões1, Champa Patel, Wing-Kin Sung

  • 1University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA. eric.simoes@ucdenver.edu

Journal of Clinical Microbiology
|January 11, 2013
PubMed
Summary

A new pathogen chip system (PathChip) offers a comprehensive approach to identifying diverse viral causes of respiratory tract infections (RTI) in children. This advanced method surpasses traditional PCR by detecting a wider range of viruses, improving diagnostic capabilities.

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Using a Pan-Viral Microarray Assay (Virochip) to Screen Clinical Samples for Viral Pathogens
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Using a Pan-Viral Microarray Assay (Virochip) to Screen Clinical Samples for Viral Pathogens

Published on: April 27, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

  • Traditional PCR methods for respiratory tract infections (RTI) are limited in detecting the full diversity of viral pathogens.
  • Understanding the complete viral etiology of RTIs is crucial for effective diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and performance of a novel pathogen chip system (PathChip) for identifying viral pathogens in pediatric RTIs.
  • To compare the PathChip's detection capabilities against conventional culture and other PCR-based methods.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a pathogen chip system (PathChip) with over 170,000 probes, employing random-tagged PCR.
  • Tested 290 nasal wash specimens from Filipino children (<2 years) with RTIs.
  • Compared PathChip results with traditional culture, EraGen PCR, and Luminex PCR methods.

Main Results:

  • The PathChip demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy, with specific pathogen detection rates ranging from 85.9% for rhinovirus/enteroviruses to 98.6% for PIV 2.
  • The PathChip identified several viruses missed by the other tested methods, highlighting its broader detection spectrum.
  • PathChip showed good diagnostic accuracy compared to other methods.

Conclusions:

  • The GIS PathChip is a valuable tool for comprehensive viral pathogen detection in pediatric respiratory tract infections.
  • This technology enhances the understanding of viral diversity in RTIs, offering improved diagnostic potential over conventional methods.