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Updated: May 15, 2026

Accurate and Phenol Free DNA Sexing of Day 30 Porcine Embryos by PCR

Accurate and Phenol Free DNA Sexing of Day 30 Porcine Embryos by PCR

Published on: February 14, 2016

Locus-specific DNA methylation reprogramming during early porcine embryogenesis.

Ming-Tao Zhao¹, Rocio M Rivera, Randall S Prather

¹Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.

Biology of Reproduction

|January 11, 2013

Summary

Early porcine embryos show locus-specific DNA methylation reprogramming, with pluripotency genes demethylated and remethylated, while other genes and imprinted regions maintain distinct methylation patterns crucial for development.

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Single Oocyte Bisulfite Mutagenesis

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Single Oocyte Bisulfite Mutagenesis

Single Oocyte Bisulfite Mutagenesis

Published on: June 27, 2012

Area of Science:

Developmental Biology
Epigenetics
Genomics

Background:

Mammalian early embryogenesis involves dynamic DNA methylation changes, including demethylation post-fertilization and remethylation around implantation.
While paternal genomes undergo active demethylation and maternal genomes passive demethylation, recent studies indicate locus-specific reprogramming patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

To optimize a bisulfite sequencing protocol for base-resolution DNA methylation profiling in porcine gametes, early embryos, and somatic tissues.
To investigate locus-specific DNA methylation reprogramming patterns during early porcine embryonic development.

Main Methods:

Optimized bisulfite sequencing protocol.
Base-resolution DNA methylation profiling of selected genes (POU5F1, NANOG, SOX2, CDX2, IGF2/H19 ICR) and a centromeric repeat element.
Analysis across gametes, early embryos, and somatic tissues.

Main Results:

Pluripotency genes (POU5F1, NANOG) exhibited demethylation and remethylation waves.
CpG-rich regions of SOX2 and CDX2 remained hypomethylated throughout development.
A differentially methylated region in the IGF2/H19 imprint control region was maintained.
Centromeric repeat elements showed stable moderate DNA methylation.

Conclusions:

Porcine early embryos display diverse, locus-specific DNA methylation reprogramming.
These patterns are potentially linked to transcriptional regulation, genome stability, and genomic imprinting.
Further research using techniques like oxidative bisulfite sequencing will elucidate 5-hydroxymethylcytosine's role.