Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Eukaryotic Evolution

Eukaryotic Evolution

The endosymbiont theory is the most widely accepted theory of eukaryotic evolution; however, its progression is still somewhat debated. According to the nucleus-first hypothesis, the ancestral prokaryote first evolved a membrane to enclose DNA and form the nucleus. Conversely, the mitochondria-first hypothesis suggests that the nucleus was formed after endosymbiosis of mitochondria.
Contrary to the endosymbiont theory, the eukaryote-first hypothesis proposes that the simpler prokaryotic and...

Evolution of Microbial Genome

Evolution of Microbial Genome

Microbial genome evolution is a highly dynamic process shaped by continual gene gain and loss across species and strains. This genomic flexibility allows microorganisms to adapt rapidly to environmental pressures and interactions with other organisms. Central to understanding this diversity is the distinction between the core and pan genomes.The core genome comprises the genes shared by all sampled strains of a species, representing essential functions needed for fundamental cellular processes.

Binary Fission

Binary Fission

Fission is the division of a single entity into two or more parts, which regenerate into separate entities that resemble the original. Organisms in the Archaea and Bacteria domains reproduce using binary fission, in which a parent cell splits into two parts that can each grow to the size of the original parent cell. This asexual method of reproduction produces cells that are all genetically identical.

Binary Fission

Binary Fission

Binary fission is the primary mode of asexual reproduction in prokaryotes, such as bacteria. It results in the production of two genetically identical daughter cells. This highly efficient process ensures the rapid propagation of bacterial populations under favorable conditions and involves coordinated cellular and molecular events.DNA Replication and SeparationThe process begins with the replication of the bacterial chromosome. The circular DNA molecule unwinds at a specific origin of...

The Nucleus

The Nucleus

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that acts as a control center in a eukaryotic cell. It contains chromosomal DNA, which controls gene expression and precisely regulates the production of proteins within the cell. In contrast, the DNA inside the mitochondria and chloroplast only carries out functions that are specific to those organelles.
Arrangement of DNA within Nucleus
The regulation of gene expression inside the nucleus is dependent on many factors, including the DNA structure. The...

The Nucleus

The Nucleus

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that acts as a control center in a eukaryotic cell. It contains chromosomal DNA, which controls gene expression and precisely regulates the production of proteins within the cell. In contrast, the DNA inside the mitochondria and chloroplast only carries out functions that are specific to those organelles.
Arrangement of DNA within Nucleus
The regulation of gene expression inside the nucleus is dependent on many factors, including the DNA structure. The...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Pyrolytic hydrocarbon growth from cyclopentadiene.

The journal of physical chemistry. A·2010

Same author

In(III)-catalyzed tandem reaction of chromone-derived Morita-Baylis-Hillman alcohols with amines.

Organic & biomolecular chemistry·2010

Same author

Regression-based multi-trait QTL mapping using a structural equation model.

Statistical applications in genetics and molecular biology·2010

Same author

Elevated expression of APE1/Ref-1 and its regulation on IL-6 and IL-8 in bone marrow stromal cells of multiple myeloma.

Clinical lymphoma, myeloma & leukemia·2010

Same author

Accelerated aging of intervertebral discs in a mouse model of progeria.

Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society·2010

Same author

The synthesis of a multiblock osteotropic polyrotaxane by copper(I)-catalyzed huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition.

Macromolecular bioscience·2010

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Adaptation at the Extremes of Life: Experimental Evolution with the Extremophile Archaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius

Adaptation at the Extremes of Life: Experimental Evolution with the Extremophile Archaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius

Published on: June 14, 2024

Endosymbiotic evolution: the totalitarian nucleus is foiled again.

Jeremy N Timmis¹, Dong Wang

¹Discipline of Genetics, School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia. jeremy.timmis@adelaide.edu.au

Current Biology : CB

|January 12, 2013

Summary

DNA transfer between host cells and endosymbionts significantly impacts eukaryotic cell evolution. A new sequencing study reveals other evolutionary forces may be equally crucial.

More Related Videos

Layers of Symbiosis - Visualizing the Termite Hindgut Microbial Community

Layers of Symbiosis - Visualizing the Termite Hindgut Microbial Community

Published on: May 28, 2007

Quantification of Plasmid-Mediated Antibiotic Resistance in an Experimental Evolution Approach

Quantification of Plasmid-Mediated Antibiotic Resistance in an Experimental Evolution Approach

Published on: December 14, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 15, 2026

Adaptation at the Extremes of Life: Experimental Evolution with the Extremophile Archaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius

Adaptation at the Extremes of Life: Experimental Evolution with the Extremophile Archaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius

Published on: June 14, 2024

Layers of Symbiosis - Visualizing the Termite Hindgut Microbial Community

Layers of Symbiosis - Visualizing the Termite Hindgut Microbial Community

Published on: May 28, 2007

Quantification of Plasmid-Mediated Antibiotic Resistance in an Experimental Evolution Approach

Quantification of Plasmid-Mediated Antibiotic Resistance in an Experimental Evolution Approach

Published on: December 14, 2019

Area of Science:

Evolutionary biology
Genomics
Cell biology

Background:

Horizontal gene transfer between host cells and endosymbionts is a major driver of eukaryotic evolution.
Understanding the complete picture of endosymbiont evolution requires considering all influential factors.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of DNA transfer in eukaryotic evolution.
To identify and assess other potential forces shaping the evolution of host-endosymbiont relationships.

Main Methods:

Utilizing advanced sequencing technologies.
Analyzing genomic data from host cells and their endosymbionts.

Main Results:

Confirmed the significant impact of DNA transfer on eukaryotic evolution.
Identified novel evolutionary forces that appear to be as important as DNA transfer.

Conclusions:

The evolution of eukaryotic cells is shaped by a complex interplay of factors.
Future research should explore these newly identified forces to fully understand endosymbiont evolution.